10 July - Definition and Overview

July 10 is the 191st day (192nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 174 days remaining.

Events

100 BC-AD 1899

• 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia.
• AD 1778 - American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain.
• 1789 - Alexander Mackenzie reaches Mackenzie River Delta.
• 1821 - The United States takes possession of its newly-bought territory of Florida from Spain.
• 1832 - President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States.
• 1850 - Millard Fillmore is inaugurated as the 13th President of the United States.
• 1890 - Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state.

1900-1999

• 1913 - Death Valley, California hits 134 °F (~56.7 °C) which is the highest temperature recorded in the United States (as of 2003).
• 1925 - The official news agency of the Soviet Union called the Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union (TASS) is established.
• 1925 - Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, the so-called "Monkey Trial" begins with John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher, accused of teaching evolution in violation of a Tennessee state law.
• 1938 - Howard Hughes sets a new record by completing a 91 hour airplane flight around the world.
• 1940 - World War II: Vichy France government established.
• 1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain - The German Luftwaffe begin to hit British convoys in the English Channel thus starting the battle (this start date is contested, though).
• 1951 - Korean War: At Kaesong, armistice negotiations begin.
• 1951 - Randy Turpin becomes the middleweight boxing champion after defeating Sugar Ray Robinson.
• 1962 - Telstar, the world's first communications satellite, is launched into orbit.
• 1967 - Uruguay becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
• 1968 - Maurice Couve de Murville becomes Prime Minister of France
• 1973 - The Bahamas gain full independence within the British Commonwealth.
• 1985 - The Greenpeace vessel, the Rainbow Warrior is bombed and sunk in Auckland Harbor by French DGSE agents.
• 1985 - After a storm of controversy surrounding a change in its cola's formula (see New Coke), Coca-Cola re-introduces the old formula as "Coca-Cola Classic."
• 1991 - Boris Yeltsin begins his 5-year term as the first elected president of Russia.
• 1992 - In Miami, Florida, former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations.
• 1997 - London, scientists report their DNA analysis findings from a Neandertal skeleton which support the out of Africa theory of human evolution placing an "African Eve" at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.
• 1998 - The DNA-identified remains of United States Air Force 1st Lt. Michael Joseph Blassie arrive home to his family in St. Louis, Missouri after being in the Tomb of the Unknowns since 1984.
• 1998 - Catholic priests' sex abuse scandal: The Diocese of Dallas agrees to pay $23.4 million to nine former altar boys who claimed they were sexually abused by former priest Rudolph Kos.

2000-2099

• 2000 - In southern Nigeria, a petroleum pipeline explodes killing about 250 villagers who were scavenging gasoline.
• 2000 - EADS, the world's second largest aerospace group is formed by the merger of Aérospatiale-Matra, DASA, and CASA.
• 2002 - At a Sotheby's auction, Peter Paul Rubens' painting "The Massacre of the Innocents" is sold for £49.5million (US$76.2 million) to Lord Thomson.
• 2003 - A Neoplan bus, owned by Kowloon Motor Bus, crashed by a container truck and fell from the flyover of Tuen Mun Road, into the valley under it. 21 people (including the driver) were killed in this accident. This is the largest number of deaths by bus crashes in Hong Kong.

Births

1400-1899

• 1452 - King James III of Scotland (d. 1488)
• 1509 - John Calvin, Swiss reformer (d. 1564)
• 1830 - Camille Pissarro, French painter (d. 1903)
• 1832 - Alvan Graham Clark, telescope maker, astronomer
• 1834 - James McNeil Whistler, American painter
• 1835 - Henryk Wieniawski, Polish composer
• 1842 - Adolphus Busch brewer
• 1856 - Nikola Tesla, physicist (d. 1943)
• 1871 - Marcel Proust, French writer (d. 1922)
• 1888 - Giorgio Chirico, Italian painter (d. 1978)
• 1895 - Carl Orff, German composer(d. 1982)
• 1899 - John Gilbert, actor (d. 1936)

1900-1999

• 1902 - Kurt Alder, chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in chemistry 1950 (d. 1958)
• 1903 - John Wyndham, Author
• 1914 - Joseph 'Joe' Schuster, cartoonist
• 1915 - Saul Bellow Canadian writer
• 1915 - Milt Buckner (musician: piano, organ, and composer
• 1920 - David Brinkley, television reporter (d. 2003)
• 1920 - Owen Chamberlain, American physicist and Nobel laureate
• 1921 - Harvey Ball, inventor of the Smiley
• 1921 - Jake LaMotta, boxer
• 1921 - Eunice Kennedy Shriver, activist
• 1923 - Jean Kerr, author
• 1923 - Earl Hamner Jr., author, television producer (The Waltons)
• 1926 - Fred Gwynne, actor (d. 1993)
• 1931 - Nick Adams, actor (d. 1968)
• 1931 - Alice Munro, writer
• 1938 - Paul Andreu, French architect
• 1939 - Ahmet Taner Kışlalı, politician, journalist, academician.
• 1940 - Helen Donath, American soprano
• 1942 - Pyotr Klimuk, cosmonaut
• 1942 - Ronnie James Dio, rock musician
• 1943 - Arthur Ashe, tennis player (d. 1993)
• 1947 - Arlo Guthrie, musician
• 1951 - Cheryl Wheeler, singer/songwriter
• 1954 - Neil Tennant, British musician
• 1968 - Hassiba Boulmerka, Algerian athlete
• 1980 - Adam Petty, NASCAR driver (d. 2000)
• 1980 - Jessica Simpson, American singer

Deaths

100-1899

• 138 - Hadrian, Roman Emperor
• 1559 - Henry II of France
• 1590 - Archduke Charles II of Austria, Regent of Inner Austria
• 1584 - William the Silent, Dutch stadtholder
• 1806 - George Stubbs, British painter (b. 1724)
• 1884 - Paul Morphy, American chess player

1900-1999

• 1920 - Jackie Fisher, First Sea Lord (b. 1841)
• 1941 - Jelly Roll Morton, jazz musician (b. 1890)
• 1978 - John D Rockefeller III, businessman
• 1978 - Joe Davis, English snooker player (b. 1901)
• 1979 - Arthur Fiedler, American conductor (b. 1894)
• 1987 - John Hammond, record producer (b. 1910)
• 1989 - Mel Blanc, voice actor

2000-2099

• 2003 - Lord Shawcross, Britain's chief prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials

Holidays and observances

• Bahamas - Independence Day
• Silence Day - celebrated by followers of Meher Baba
• Mauritania - Armed Forces Day
• Ancient Latvia - Septinu Bralu Diena observed

July 9 - July 11 - June 10 - August 10 -- listing of all days