10 June - Definition and Overview

June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (162nd in leap years), with 204 days remaining.

Events

• 1190 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the Saleph River while leading an army to Jerusalem.
• 1692 - Salem witch trials: Bridget Bishop is hanged at Gallows Hill near Salem, Massachusetts for "certaine Detestable Arts called Witchcraft & Sorceries".
• 1793 - The Jardin des Plantes museum opened in Paris (a year later it would become the first public zoo).
• 1829 - First boat race between Oxford and Cambridge.
• 1846 - Mexican-American War: The California Republic declares independence from Mexico.
• 1854 - The first class of United States Naval Academy students graduate.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Brice's Crossroads - Confederate troops under Nathan Bedford Forrest defeat a much larger Union force led by General Samuel D. Sturgis in Mississippi.
• 1886 - Eruption of Mount Tarawera in New Zealand, killing 153 people and destroying the famous Pink and White Terraces.
• 1898 - US Marines land on the island of Cuba during the Spanish-American War.
• 1924 - Fascists kidnap and kill Italian socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti in Rome.
• 1935 - Alcoholics Anonymous is founded in Akron, Ohio by William G. Wilson and Dr. Robert Smith.
• 1940 - World War II: Italy declares war on France and the United Kingdom.
• 1940 - World War II: German forces, under General Erwin Rommel, reach the English Channel.
• 1940 - World War II: Canada declares war on Italy.
• 1940 - World War II: Norway Surrenders to German forces.
• 1942 - World War II: Nazis burn the Czech village of Lidice as reprisal for the killing of Reinhard Heydrich.
• 1944 - World War II: 642 men, women and children are killed in the Oradour-sur-Glane Massacre in France.
• 1944 - 15-year old Joe Nuxhall becomes the youngest baseballer to pitch a game in major league history.
• 1947 - Saab produces its first automobile.
• 1956 - 1956 Summer Olympics: Equestrian events open in Stockholm, Sweden.
• 1965 - Vietnam War: Battle of Dong Xoai begins.
• 1967 - Six-Day War ends: Israel and Syria agree to a cease-fire.
• 1967 - Argentina becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
• 1973 - Paul Getty III, grandson of billionaire J. Paul Getty, is kidnapped in Rome, Italy.
• 1977 - James Earl Ray escapes from Brushy Mountain State Prison in Petros, Tennessee (he was recaptured on June 13).
• 1977 - Apple Computer ships its first Apple II personal computer.
• 1980 - The African National Congress in South Africa publishes a call to fight from their imprisoned leader Nelson Mandela.
• 1980 - Percy Wood, president of United Airlines, is injured by an exploding package sent by the Unabomber.
• 1991 - In what has been deemed "The Mother of All Parades," New York hosts a parade welcoming back troops from Operation Desert Storm.
• 1996 - Peace talks begin in Northern Ireland without Sinn Féin.
• 1997 - Khmer Rouge leader Pol Pot orders the killing of his defense chief Son Sen and 11 of Sen's family members before Pol Pot flees his northern stronghold.
• 1999 - Kosovo War: NATO suspends its air strikes after Slobodan Milošević agrees to withdraw Serbian forces from Kosovo.

Births

• 1657 - James Cragg the Elder, English politician (d. 1721)
• 1688 - James Francis Edward Stuart, "The Old Pretender" (d. 1766)
• 1803 - Henry Darcy, French scientist (d. 1858)
• 1819 - Gustave Courbet, painter (d. 1877)
• 1835 - Rebecca Latimer Felton, first woman US Senator (d. 1930)
• 1844 - Carl Hagenbeck, animal trainer
• 1861 - Pierre Duhem, French physicist and philosopher of science (d. 1916)
• 1862 - Mrs Leslie Carter, nee Caroline Dudley, Broadway actress & star, (d. 1937)
• 1880 - André Derain, French painter and illustrator (d. 1954)
• 1895 - Hattie McDaniel, actress, and the first African American to win an Academy Award (d. 1952)
• 1897 - Grand Duchess Tatiana of Russia (d. 1918)
• 1901 - Frederick Loewe, composer (d. 1988)
• 1903 - Theo Lingen actor (d. 1978)
• 1903 - Clyde Beatty, hunter, circus impresario (d. 1965)
• 1907 - Fairfield Porter, American painter (d. 1975)
• 1910 - Howlin' Wolf, blues musician born as "Chester Burnett" (d. 1976)
• 1911 - Terence Rattigan, playwright (d. 1977)
• 1913 - Tikhon Khrennikov, composer
• 1915 - Saul Bellow, author, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature, 1976
• 1921 - Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
• 1922 - Judy Garland, actress, singer (d. 1969)
• 1923 - Robert Maxwell, owner of Mirror Group Newspapers (d. 1991)
• 1927 - Lin Yang-kang, politician in the Republic of China on Taiwan
• 1928 - Maurice Sendak, writer, producer, illustrator
• 1929 - Ian McCahon Sinclair, Australian politician
• 1930 - Theo Sommer, journalist
• 1933 - F. Lee Bailey, celebrity attorney
• 1940 - John Stevens, British drummer (d. 1994)
• 1941 - Jürgen Prochnow, actor
• 1941 - Shirley Owens, singer, member of the Shirelles
• 1942 - Preston Manning, Canadian politician
• 1949 - Ronald James Padavona, (a.k.a. Ronnie James Dio) Heavy metal singer
• 1951 - Dan Fouts, American football star
• 1953 - John Edwards, senator
• 1957 - Lindsay Hoyle, British politician
• 1962 - Gina Gershon, American actress
• 1963 - Jeanne Tripplehorn, American actress
• 1964 - Jimmy Chamberlin, musician
• 1965 - Elizabeth Hurley, actress
• 1965 - Linda Evangelista, supermodel
• 1968 - Jimmy Shea, American skeleton racer
• 1973 - Faith Evans, R&B singer
• 1976 - Freddy Garcia, baseball pitcher
• 1981 - Miranda Gard, Singer
• 1982 - Princess Madeleine of Sweden
• 1982 - Tara Lipinski, figure skater

Deaths

• 323 BC - Alexander the Great (b. 356 BC)
• 1075 - Margrave Ernest the Brave of Austria
• 1190 - Frederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, drowned in Cilicia (b. 1122)
• 1424 - Duke Ernest the Iron of Inner Austria
• 1580 - Luis de Camões, Portuguese poet (b. 1524)
• 1654 - Alessandro Algardi, Italian sculptor (b. 1598)
• 1692 - Bridget Bishop, accused witch
• 1831 - Hans Karl Friedrich Anton, count von Diebitsch, Russian field marshal (b. 1785)
• 1836 - André-Marie Ampère, physicist (b. 1775)
• 1901 - Robert Williams Buchanan, British poet, novelist and dramatist (b. 1841)
• 1902 - Jacint Verdaguer, Catalan poet (b. 1845)
• 1909 - Edward Everett Hale, author
• 1912 - Anton Aškerc, Slovenian poet (b. 1856)
• 1918 - Arrigo Boito, poet and composer (b. 1842)
• 1923 - Pierre Loti, French sailor and writer (b. 1850)
• 1926 - Antoni Gaudí, Catalan architect (b. 1852)
• 1930 - Adolf Harnack, German theologian (b. 1851)
• 1934 - Frederick Delius, English composer (b. 1862)
• 1937 - Robert Borden, eighth Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1854)
• 1940 - Marcus Garvey, civil rights activist (b. 1887)
• 1946 - Jack Johnson, boxer (b. 1878)
• 1947 - Alexander Bethune, twelfth Mayor of Vancouver, British Columbia (b. 1852)
• 1949 - Sigrid Undset, author, recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature, 1928 (b. 1882)
• 1958 - Angelina Weld Grimke, journalist and poet (b. 1880)
• 1967 - Spencer Tracy, actor (b. 1900)
• 1971 - Michael Rennie, actor (b. 1909)
• 1973 - William Inge, playwright (b. 1913)
• 1974 - Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (b. 1900)
• 1976 - Adolph Zukor, producer (b. 1873)
• 1982 - Rainer Werner Fassbinder, author, movie director (b. 1945)
• 1982 - Addie "Micki" Harris, singer, member of the Shirelles (b. 1940)
• 1988 - Louis L'Amour, author (b. 1908)
• 1993 - Les Dawson, British comedian (b. 1933 or 34)
• 1996 - George Hees, Canadian politician (b. 1910)
• 1998 - Hammond Innes, English adventure author (b. 1914)
• 2000 - Hafez al-Assad, president of Syria (b. 1930)
• 2000 - Arambam Somorendra, playwright (b. 1936)
• 2001 - Princess Leila of Iran (b. 1970)
• 2001 - Mike Mentzer philosopher, bodybuilder, author (b. 1951)
• 2002 - John Gotti, Mafia boss (b. 1940)
• 2003 - Donald Regan, Chief of Staff and U.S. Treasury Secretary (b. 1918)
• 2003 - Dr Phil Williams, Welsh politician and scientist (b. 1939)
• 2004 - Ray Charles, singer, musician (b. 1930)

Holidays and observances

• Roman Empire - fourth day of the Vestalia in honor of Vesta
• Portugal - National day of Portugal, Camões and the Portuguese Communities

June 9 - June 11 - May 10 - July 10 -- listing of all days