1274 - Definition and Overview

Events

• May 7 - In France the Second Council of Lyons opens to consider the condition of the Holy Land and to agree to a union with the Byzantine church.
• August 21 - Philip III of France marries Marie de Brabant
• End of the reign of Emperor Kameyama of Japan
• Emperor Go-Uda ascends to the throne of Japan
• August - Edward I returns from crusade, and is crowned at Westminster Abbey.
• At the age of 3, Jeanne of Navarre becomes countess of Champagne and Queen of Navarre upon her father's death.
• Robert Burnell is named Lord Chancellor of England.
• The battle of Hakata Bay is fought.
• The city of Malbork is founded by the Teutonic Knights.
• Edward I of England enforces the decree requiring all English Jews to wear yellow badges.
• Nichiren founder of Nichiren Buddhism enters a voluntary exile on Mount Minobu
• Pope Gregory X decrees that conclaves (meetings during which the electors have no contact with the outside) should be used for papal elections.
• The diet at Nuremberg orders that all crown estates seized since the death of the emperor Frederick II be restored to Rudolph I of Germany
• William de Beaulieu becomes master of the London Temple of the Templars in England
• Robert de Clifford is created first Baron de Clifford
• In Japan the scattering of an aggressive Mogul-Korean fleet is attributed to the supernatural 神風 (kamikaze) or divine wind in a storm created by Raiden.
• Dante Alighieri, aged nine, falls in love with eight year old Beatrice Portinari
• Walter de Merton becomes Bishop of Rochester, England

Births

• July 11 - Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland
• Adam Murimuth, English ecclesiastic and chronicler
• Saint Louis of Toulouse
• Eric VI of Denmark

Deaths

• March 7 - Saint Thomas Aquinas, Catholic theologian (b. 1225)
• Saint Bonaventure, Franciscan theologian
• Prince Munetaka, 6th Kamakura shogun of Japan
• Robert de Sorbon, French theologian and founder of the Sorbonne
• Henry III, count of Champagne and king of Navarre
• Nasreddin Tusi, Persian astronomer
• Hanno von Sangershausen, Grand Master (Hochmeister) of the Teutonic Order
• Emperor Du of Song China (Song Dynasty (960-1279))
• Anselm of Meissen, Bishop of Warmia
• Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, scientist and writer

Monarchs/Presidents

• Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276)