14 January - Definition and Overview

January 14 is the 14th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 351 days remaining (352 in leap years). Celebrated as New Year's Day by those still following the Julian calendar.

Events

• 1301 - Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Arpad dynasty in Hungary.
• 1501 - Martin Luther, 17, enters the University of Erfurt.
• 1514 - Pope Leo X issues a papal bull against slavery.
• 1539 - Spain annexes Cuba.
• 1639 - The "Fundamental Orders", the first written constitution that created a government, was adopted in Connecticut.
• 1690 - The clarinet is invented in Nuremberg, Germany.
• 1724 - King Philip V of Spain abdicates the throne.
• 1784 - American Revolutionary War: The United States ratifies a peace treaty with England.
• 1814 - Treaty of Kiel: Frederick VI of Denmark cedes Norway to Sweden in return for Pomerania.
• 1858 - Napoleon III of France escapes an assassination attempt.
• 1900 - Giacomo Puccini's opera Tosca premieres in Rome.
• 1907 - An earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica kills more than 1,000.
• 1939 - Norway claims Queen Maud Land in Antarctica.
• 1943 - Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to travel via airplane while in office (Miami, Florida to Morocco to meet with Winston Churchill to discuss World War II).
• 1951 - The National Football League has its first Pro Bowl Game (Los Angeles, California).
• 1952 - The Today show premieres on NBC.
• 1954 - Marilyn Monroe weds Joe DiMaggio.
• The Hudson Motor Car Company merges with Nash-Kelvinator forming the American Motors Corporation.
• 1963 - George Wallace becomes governor of Alabama.
• 1969 - An explosion aboard the USS Enterprise near Hawaii kills 25 people.
• 1970 - Sato Eisaku is elected to his third term as Prime Minister of Japan.
• 1972 - Queen Margrethe II of Denmark accends the throne, the first Queen of Denmark since 1412 and the first Danish monarch not named Frederick or Christian since 1513.
• 1972 - Sanford & Son premieres on NBC.
• 1973 - Super Bowl VII: The Miami Dolphins defeat the Washington Redskins. The Dolphins become the first NFL team to go undefeated in a season.
• 1975 - Teenage heiress Lesley Whittle is kidnapped by the Black Panther.
• 1978 - Johnny Rotten quits the Sex Pistols after the final show of their American tour, at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco.
• 1984 - Ray Mancini defeats Bobby Chacon by a knockout in three to retain his WBA boxing world Lightweight title in Reno.
• 1985 - Martina Navratilova wins her 100th tennis tournament.
• 1990 - The Simpsons debuts on FOX as a regular series with the episode "Bart the Genius".
• 1993 - David Letterman announces he is moving his television talk show from NBC to CBS.
• 1994 - President of the United States Bill Clinton and Russian President Boris Yeltsin sign the Kremlin accords which stop the preprogrammed aiming of nuclear missiles to targets and also provide for the dismantling of the nuclear arsenal in Ukraine.
• 1996 - Jorge Sampaio is elected president of Portugal.
• 1998 - Researchers in Dallas, Texas present findings about an enzyme that slows aging and cell death (apoptosis).
• 1998 - An Afghan cargo plane crashes into a mountain in southwest Pakistan killing more than 50 people.
• 2000 - A United Nations tribunal sentences five Bosnian Croats to up to 25 years for the 1993 killing of over 100 Muslims in a Bosnian village.
• 2000 - Sport Club Corinthians Paulista wins Vasco da Gama, on the final match for the FIFA Club World Championship.
• 2004 - Amartya Sen steps down as Master of Trinity College, Cambridge.
• 2004 - The national flag of Georgia, the so-called "five cross flag", was restored to official use after a hiatus of some 500 years.
• 2005 - Landing of the Huygens probe on Saturn's moon Titan.

Births

• 1741 - Benedict Arnold (General in United States' Revolutionary War, turncoat) (d. 1801)
• 1798 - Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, Dutch politician (d. 1872)
• 1800 - Ludwig Alois Ferdinand Köchel, Austrian researcher on music (d. 1877)
• 1836 - Henri Fantin-Latour, painter (d. 1904)
• 1841 - Berthe Morisot, Impressionist painter (d. 1895)
• 1850 - Pierre Loti, writer (d. 1923)
• 1861 - Mehmed VI, Ottoman sultan (d. 1926)
• 1866?- G. I. Gurdjieff, Greek-Armenian mystic and teacher of dancing. He stated that he was born at the stroke of midnight at the beginning of New Year's Day, Julian calendar (d. 1949)
• 1875 - Albert Schweitzer, Alsatian physician, Christian missionary, philosopher, and musician, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize 1952 (d. 1965)
• 1886 - Hugh Lofting, author (d. 1947)
• 1889 - Ema Puksec, AKA Ilma de Murska, Croat opera singer (b. 1834)
• 1892 - Hal Roach, film producer (d. 1992)
• 1896 - Martin Niemöller, German theologian and pacifist (d. 1984)
• 1896 - John Dos Passos, author (d. 1970)
• 1904 - Emily Hahn, novelist, travel author, bon vivant (d. 1997)
• 1905 - Cecil Beaton, photographer (d. 1980)
• 1906 - William Bendix, actor (d. 1964)
• 1908 - Rus Columbo, singer, bandleader, composer
• 1912 - Rudolf Hagelstange, German lyricist, narrator and essayist (d. 1984)
• 1914 - Harold Russell, actor (d. 2002)
• 1915 - Mark Goodson, game show producer (d. 1992)
• 1919 - Andy Rooney, television journalist
• 1919 - Giulio Andreotti, Italian politician
• 1924 - Guy Williams, actor (d. 2002)
• 1925 - Yukio Mishima, writer (d. 1970)
• 1926 - Tom Tryon, actor, novelist (d. 1991)
• 1928 - Gerald Arpino, choreographer
• 1932 - Don Garlits, drag racer
• 1933 - Stan Brakhage, filmmaker (d. 2003)
• 1934 - Richard Briers, actor
• 1938 - Jack Jones, singer, actor
• 1938 - Allen Toussaint, singer
• 1940 - Julian Bond, civil rights activist (cofounder of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, chairman of NAACP board of directors)
• 1941 - Faye Dunaway, actress
• 1941 - Milan Kučan, Slovene politician, statesman
• 1942 - Stig Engström, actor
• 1943 - Shannon Lucid, astronaut
• 1943 - Holland Taylor, actress
• 1944 - Peter Fechter, Berlin Wall (d. 1962)
• 1944 - Nina Totenberg, journalist
• 1944 - Marjoe Gortner, evangelist, actor
• 1947 - Bill Werbeniuk, Canadian snooker player (d. 2003)
• 1948 - Carl Weathers, actor
• 1948 - T-Bone Burnett, producer, musician
• 1949 - Lawrence Kasdan, director, screenwriter
• 1952 - Sydney Biddle Barrow, madam, author
• 1956 - Ben Heppner, Canadian tenor
• 1962 - Michael McCaul, American politician
• 1963 - Steven Soderbergh, director
• 1967 - Emily Watson, actress
• 1968 - LL Cool J, rapper, actor
• 1969 - Jason Bateman, actor
• 1969 - David Grohl, drummer, composer
• 1972 - Predrag Gosta, conductor, musicologist, harpsichordist
• 1980 - Cory Gibbs, American soccer player
• 1981 - Rosa, Spanish singer

Deaths

• 1301 - Andrew III of Hungary
• 1825 - George Dance the Younger, architect (b. 1741)
• 1898 - Lewis Carroll, writer, mathematician (b. 1832)
• 1942 - Porfirio Barba-Jacob, Colombian poet and writer (b. 1883)
• 1949 - Joaquín Turina, composer (b. 1882)
• 1957 - Humphrey Bogart, actor (b. 1899)
• 1965 - Jeanette MacDonald, actress, singer
• 1966 - Barry Fitzgerald, actor (b. 1888)
• 1966 - Bill Carr, American athlete
• 1966 - Sergei Korolev, rocket scientist
• 1970 - William Feller, Croat mathematician (b. 1906)
• 1972 - King Frederick IX of Denmark (b. 1899)
• 1977 - Peter Finch, actor (b. 1916)
• 1977 - Anaïs Nin, author (b. 1903)
• 1977 - Anthony Eden, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1897)
• 1978 - Kurt Gödel, mathematician (b. 1906)
• 1978 - Blossom Rock, actress
• 1978 - Harold Abrahams, British athlete (b. 1899)
• 1980 - Robert Ardrey, author
• 1984 - Ray Kroc, McDonald's founder (b. 1902)
• 1986 - Donna Reed, actress (b. 1921)
• 1988 - Georgi Malenkov, First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party
• 1999 - Bryn Jones (a.k.a. Muslimgauze), musician (b. 1961)
• 2004 - Ron O'Neal, actor
• 2004 - Uta Hagen, actress
• 2005 - Rudolph Moshammer, Bavarian fashion designer, murdered

Holidays and observances

• New Years Day in Eastern Orthodoxy, see Julian Calendar.
• Makar Sankranti in India. The event is marked by flying kites.
• Day of St. Basil the Great in Eastern Orthodoxy, January 1 on the Julian Calendar.

January 13 - January 15 - December 14 - February 14 -- listing of all days