1819 - Definition and Overview

Events

• January 17 - Simón Bolívar proclaims the Republic of Gran Colombia
• January 29 - Sir Stamford Raffles lands on the island of Singapore
• February 6 - Formal treaty between Sultan Hussein of Johor and the British Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles originates Singapore
• February 15 - The United States House of Representatives agrees to Tallmadge Amendment to bar slaves from new state of Missouri--opening vote in controversy that leads to Missouri Compromise
• February 22 - Spain cedes Florida to the United States.
• March 1 - USS Columbus launched
• March 20 – Burlington Arcade opened in London
• May 22 - The SS Savannah leaves port at Savannah, Georgia on a voyage to become the first steamship to cross the Atlantic Ocean. The ship will arrive at Liverpool, England on June 20
• August 7 – Battle of Boyaca in Colombia – Simón Bolívar wins
• August 16 - Peterloo massacre in St. Peter's Field, Manchester, UK. Cavalry charge into a crowd of protesters causes deaths of 400.
• December 4 - Alabama is admitted as the 22nd U.S. state.

• Panic of 1819 - Global economic crisis
• Norwich University founded by Alden Partridge in Vermont as the first private military school in the country on the concept of the citizen soldier.
• 'Ai Noa in Hawaii.

Births

• February 11 - Samuel Parkman Tuckerman, composer.
• February 8 - John Ruskin, English author, poet, artist, art critic and social critic.
• February 14 - Joshua A. Norton, "Emperor of the United States of America" (Or January 17, 1811).
• February 22 - James Russell Lowell, poet and essayist
• March 3 - Gustave de Molinari, Belgian economist.
• April 4 - Queen Maria II of Portugal
• April 9 - Annibale de Gasparis, Italian astronomer
• April 11 - Charles Hallé, pianist and conductor
• April 18 - Franz von Suppé, composer
• April 28 - Ezra Abbot, American Bible scholar
• May 24 - Queen Victoria, monarch of the United Kingdom
• May 31 - Walt Whitman, American poet
• June 5 - John Couch Adams, astronomer
• June 20 - Jacques Offenbach, composer
• August 1 - Richard Dadd, insane Victorian fairy painter
• August 1 - Herman Melville, American novelist
• August 25 - Allan Pinkerton, American detective (d. 1884)
• August 26 - Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, later Prince Consort to Queen Victoria.
• September 13 - Clara Schumann, Austrian composer
• September 17 - Thomas Hendricks, former Vice President of the United States (d. 1885)
• September 22 - Wilhelm Wattenbach, German historian
• October 20 - The Báb, prophet founder of the Bábi Faith, a religion which was to become the precursor to the Bahá'í Faith (d. 1850)
• November 22 - George Eliot, British novelist
• Felice Orsini, revolutionary

Deaths

• July 1 - Jemima Wilkinson, preacher
• August 19 - James Watt, inventor
• August 23 - Oliver Hazard Perry, American naval officer
• December 5 - Friedrich Leopold Graf zu Stolberg, German poet (b. 1750)
• Kamehameha I, King of Hawaii
• Saartje Baartman