1822 - Definition and Overview

Events

• March 30 - Florida becomes a United States territory.
• May 24 - Battle of Pichincha: Simón Bolívar secures the independence of Quito.
• June 14 - Charles Babbage proposes a Difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society entitled "Note on the application of machinery to the computation of astronomical and mathematical tables."[1] (http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Babbage.html)
• July 8 - Chippewas turn over huge tract of land in Ontario to the United Kingdom.
• July 28 - Independence Day in Peru
• September 7 - Brazil declares its independence from Portugal
• September 16 - George Canning appointed British foreign secretary.
• October 12 - Peter I of Brazil declared constitutional emperor of the Brazilian Empire
• October-December - Congress of Verona at which Russia, Austria and Prussia approve French intervention in Spain
• December 1 - Peter I is crowned as Emperor of Brazil.
• Hieroglyphs deciphered by Thomas Young and Jean-François Champollion using the Rosetta Stone.
• Galileo Galilei's Dialogue taken off the Index librorum prohibitorum, the Roman Catholic Church's list of banned books.
• Ashley's Hundred leave from St. Louis setting off a major increase in fur trade.
• An earthquake in Chile raises the coastal area, adding 100.000 square miles (260,000 km²) of new land
• Coffee ban in Sweden abolished
• Greeks rebel against Ottoman Empire
• Britain repeals death penalty for over 100 crimes
• First group of freed slaves from USA arrive to modern-day Liberia and found Monrovia
• Fire in Oulu, Finland

Births

• January 4 - Georg Büchmann, philologist (d. 1884)
• January 6 - Heinrich Schliemann, German archaeologist
• January 28 - Alexander Mackenzie, second Prime Minister of Canada
• February 16 - Sir Francis Galton, explorer, biologist (d. 1911)
• April 3 - Edward Everett Hale, writer, (d. 1909)
• May 26 - Edmond de Goncourt, French writer (d. 1896)
• June 10 - John Jacob Astor III, American businessman (d. 1890)
• July 18 - Her Royal Highness Princess Augusta of Cambridge
• July 22 - Gregor Mendel, geneticist (d. 1884)
• December 10 - César Franck, Belgian composer and organist (d. 1890)
• December 24 - Matthew Arnold, English poet (d. 1888)
• December 27 - Louis Pasteur, French microbiologist and chemist (d. 1895)
• Charles A. Alexander, English architect

Deaths

• July 7 - Percy Bysshe Shelley, poet
• August 12 - Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, British foreign secretary, cut his own throat
• August 25 - William Herschel, astronomer (b. 1738)
• Ali Pasha, Albanian ruler under the Ottoman Empire
• John Aikin, English doctor and writer