Events
Births
- January 7 - Johann Philipp Reis, physicist, inventor († 1874)
- February 7 - Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev, chemist and inventor of the Periodic table of the chemical elements († 1907)
- February 9 - Felix Dahn, author († 1912)
- February 16 - Ernst Haeckel, German zoologist and philosopher († 1919)
- March 16 - James Hector, Scottish geologist († 1907)
- March 17 - Gottlieb Daimler, engineer and inventor († 1900)
- March 20 - Charles W. Eliot, President of Harvard University († 1926)
- March 23 - Julius Reubke, composer († 1858).
- March 24 - William Morris, English poet and artist († 1896)
- March 24 - John Wesley Powell, explorer, environmentalist († 1902)
- April 1 - James Fisk, entrepreneur († 1872)
- April 2 - Frédéric Bartholdi, sculptor († 1904)
- June 19 - Charles Spurgeon, English Baptist preacher († 1892)
- July 10 - James McNeill Whistler, painter and etcher († 1903)
- July 19 - Edgar Degas, painter († 1917)
- August 22 - Samuel Pierpont Langley, American astronomer, physicist and aeronautics pioneer († 1906)
- August 31 - Amilcare Ponchielli, Italian composer († 1886)
- October 8 - Walter Kittredge, American musician and composer during the Civil War. († 1905)
Deaths
- January 17 - Giovanni Aldini, physicist (* 1762)
- February 2 - Lorenzo Dow, US minister (* 1777)
- February 12 - Friedrich Schleiermacher, German theologian (* 1768)
- March 2 - José Cecilo del Valle, 1st President of Central America (* 1780)
- April 10 - John 'Merino' MacArthur, Australian farmer (* 1767)
- April 11 - John 'Mad Jack' Fuller, philanthropist and patron of the arts and sciences (* 1757)
- May 20 - Marquis de la Fayette, nobleman and soldier (* 1757)
- July 12 - David Douglas, botanist (* 1799)
- July 25 - Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English Romantic poet, literary critic, philosopher, newspaper writer, teacher (* 1772)
- August 7 – Joseph Marie Jacquard, inventor (* 1752)
- September 2 - Thomas Telford, Scottish engineer (* 1757)
- September 9 - James Weddell, Antarctic explorer (* 1787)
- September 16 - William Blackwood, English writer (* 1776)
- September 24 - Pedro I of Brazil (* 1798)
- October 11 - William John Napier, 9th Lord Napier, British Navy officer, politician and diplomat (* 1786)
- December 23 - Thomas Malthus, economist and political philosopher (* 1766)
- December 27 - Charles Lamb, English essayist (* 1775)
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