Years: 1850 1851 1852 - 1853 - 1854 1855 1856

Decades: 1820s 1830s 1840s - 1850s - 1860s 1870s 1880s

Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century 1853 in art 1853 in literature 1853 in music 1853 in rail transport 1853 in science 1853 in sports List of state leaders in 1853 List of religious leaders in 1853

Events

• January 19 - Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore premieres in Rome
• January 21 - Russell L. Hawes patents the envelope folding machine
• January 29 - Napoleon III marries the Spanish Countess Eugènie at the Tuileries
• March 4 – Inauguration of US president Franklin Pierce
• June 7 - Franklin College of Lancaster, Pennsylvania merges with Marshall College of Mercersburg, Pennsylvania to form Franklin and Marshall College in Lancaster
• June 20 - Pope Pius X elected
• July 8 Commodore Perry arrives in Edo Bay with a request for a trade treaty
• July 25 Outlaw and bandit Joaquin Murietta is killed.
• August 12 – New Zealand acquires self-government
• August 24 - Potato chips first prepared.
• November 15 - Maria II of Portugal is succeeded by her son Pedro
• November 30 - Crimean War: Battle of Sinope - The Russian fleet destroys the Turkish fleet.
• December 30 - Gadsden Purchase: The United States buys land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest

• Yellow fever kills 7790 in New Orleans
• Alexander Wood invents the hypodermic syringe
• Argentina adopts federal constitution - Buenos Aires opposes that
• Donald McKay builds the Great Republic, the world's biggest sailing ship, which at 4,500 tons was too large to be successful
• Isambard Kingdom Brunel began work on the Great Eastern passenger steamer
• Start of Crimean War
• Independent Santa Cruz Maya of Eastern Yucatan recognized as an independent nation by British Empire
• Iesada succeeds Ieoshi as Japanese Shogun
• Beginning of the Late Tokugawa shogunate, the last part of the Edo period in Japan.

Births

• January 28 - José Martí, revolutionary (+ 1895)
• February 6 - Ignacij Klemenčič, Slovene physicist (+ 1901)
• March 14 - Ferdinand Hodler, painter (+ 1918)
• March 30 - Vincent van Gogh, Dutch painter
• May 28 - Carl Larsson, painter (+ 1919)
• June 3 - William Flinders Petrie, Egyptologist
• July 5 - Cecil Rhodes, South African politician
• July 18- Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate

Deaths

• January 16 - Matteo Carcassi, Italian composer
• March 17 - Christian Doppler, mathematician
• July 23 - Ieoshi, Japanese Shogun
• November 15 - Maria II of Portugal

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