1959 - Definition and Overview

Events

January-February

• January 1 - Cultivars of plants named after this date must be named in a modern language, not in Latin.
• January 1 - Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when forces of Fidel Castro advance
• January 2 - CBS Radio cuts four soap operas: Backstage Wife Our Gal Sunday, Road of Life, and This is Nora Drake.
• January 2 - Castro's troops enter Havana
• January 3 - Alaska is admitted as the 49th U.S. state.
• January 4 - In Léopoldville 42 people are killed during clashes between the police and participants of a meeting of the Abako party.
• January 7 - The United States recognizes the new Cuban government of Fidel Castro
• January 22 - Knox Mine Disaster - water breaches River Slope mine in Port Griffith, Pennsylvania - 12 miners dead
• February 1 - A referendum in Switzerland turns down female suffrage
• February 6 - At Cape Canaveral, Florida, the first successful test firing of a Titan intercontinental ballistic missile is accomplished
• February 16 - Fidel Castro becomes Premier of Cuba
• February 18 - Jesus Sosa Blanco, murderer of 108 people, executed in Cuba
• February 18 - Women in Nepal vote for the first time
• February 19 - The United Kingdom grants Cyprus its independence
• February 22 - Lee Petty wins the first Daytona 500

March-May

• March 1 - USS Tuscaloosa, USS New Orleans, USS Tennessee and USS West Virginia struck from the Naval Vessel Register
• March 1 – Archbishop Makarios returns to Cyprus from exile
• March - People's Republic of China invades Tibet
• March 1 - Japanese cities Uji, Kyoto and Muroto, Kochi are founded
• March 8 - Last television appearance of The Marx Brothers, in The Incredible Jewel Robbery
• March 9 - The Barbie doll debuts
• March 17 - Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, flees Tibet and travels to India
• March 18 - American President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs bill allowing for Hawaiian statehood
• April 25 - The St. Lawrence Seaway linking the North American Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean officially opens to shipping
• May - First Ten Tors event held in Dartmoor

June-September

• June 3 - Singapore becomes a self governing crown colony of Great Britain with Lee Kuan Yew as Prime Minister
• June 5 - A new government of the State of Singapore is sworn in by Sir William Goode. Two former Ministers were re-elected to the Legislative Assembly.
• June 8 - The first (and only) delivery of Missile Mail
• June 9 - The USS George Washington is launched as the first submarine to carry ballistic missiles
• June 23 - Sean Lemass becomes the third Taoiseach of Ireland.
• June 23 - Convicted Manhattan Project spy Klaus Fuchs is released after only nine years in prison and allowed to emigrate to Dresden, East Germany (where he resumed a scientific career).
• July 2 - Royal wedding in Belgium: Prince Albert marries the Italian princess Paola Ruffo di Calabria.
• July 4 - With the admission of Alaska as the 49th U.S. state earlier in the year, the 49-star flag of the United States debuts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• July 7 - 14:28 UT Venus occulted the star Regulus. The rare event which will next occur on October 1, 2044 was used for determining the Venus diametre and the structure of Venus' atmospherer.
• July 24 - At the opening of the American National Exhibition in Moscow, US vice-president Richard Nixon and Nikita Khrushchev have a "kitchen debate".
• August 7 - Explorer program: The United States launches Explorer 6 from the Atlantic Missile Range in Cape Canaveral, Florida
• August 15 - Cyprus gains independence
• August 16 - Explorer VI sends back the first picture of Earth from space
• August 21 - Hawaii is admitted as the 50th U.S. state.
• September 13 - Luna 2 crashes onto the Moon as the first man-made object
• September 15 - Russian probe Luna 2 sends back first photos of the far side of Earth's Moon
• September 25 - Ceylon's prime minister SWRD Bandaraike assassinated

October-December

• October 21 - Mau Mau leader Dedan Kimathi is arrested in Nyeri, Kenya
• October 21 - In New York City, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum opens to the public. It was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.
• October 31 - Riots in the Belgian Congo
• November 1 - Ice Hockey: After being struck in the face with a hockey puck, Montreal Canadiens goalie, Jacques Plante offered to return to play on the condition that he can wear his protective face mask. It was the first time such equipment was used in a regular NHL game.
• November 2 - Quiz show scandals: "Twenty-One" game show contestant Charles Van Doren admits to a Congressional committee that he had been given questions and answers in advance
• November 15 - The Clutter Family murdered at their farm outside Holcomb, Kansas
• November 19 - Ford Motor Company announces the discontinuation of the unpopular Edsel
• December 1 - Cold War: Antarctic Treaty signed - 12 countries, including the United States and the Soviet Union, sign a landmark treaty, which sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and bans military activity on that continent (this was the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War)

unknown date

• The neutrino is first experimentally detected, by Cowan and Reines.
• TAT-2 cable goes into operation.
• Workers World Party is founded by Sam Marcy.

Year in topic

• 1959 in film
  • Ben-Hur
  • The Diary of Anne Frank
  • Anatomy of a Murder
  • Alfred Hitchcock's North by Northwest, starring Cary Grant and Eva Marie Saint
• 1959 in literature
  • Starship Troopers by Robert Heinlein:
  • The Tin Drum by Günter Grass:
• 1959 in music
  • February 3 - News of the early-morning plane crash that killed Buddy Holly, Richie Valens and The Big Bopper becomes widely known. This date becomes known as "The Day The Music Died".
  • An expressway is built through the Bronx in New York City; this causes the mass exodus of middle-class residents, making the Bronx into a progressively poorer ghetto over the years and is often cited as a major cause of the rise of hip hop in the 1970s
• 1959 in rail transport
• 1959 in science
• 1959 in sports
• 1959 in television
  • Fall – Scandals involving rigged network quiz shows create havoc within the television industry.
  • Rod Serling's The Twilight Zone debuts
  • Bonanza debuts, starring Lorne Greene.

Births

January

• January 6 - Kathy Sledge, singer
• January 16 - Sade, singer
• January 24 - Nastassja Kinski, actress
• January 27 - Keith Olbermann, news correspondent, sportscaster

February

• February 4 - Lawrence Taylor, American football star
• February 11 - Corinne Shigemoto, US judo coach
• February 14 - Renee Fleming, Canadian soprano
• February 16 - John McEnroe, tennis player
• February 22 - Kyle MacLachlan, actor
• February 26 - Rolando Blackman, basketball star

March

• March 6 - Tom Arnold, actor, comedian
• March 8 - Aidan Quinn, actor
• March 9 Rodney A. Grant, Native American actor
• March 15 - Harold Baines, former Major League Baseball player
• March 16 - Flavor Flav, rap musician
• March 16 - Jens Stoltenberg, Prime Minister of Norway
• March 17 - Danny Ainge, basketball player, coach, baseball player
• March 18 - Luc Besson, producer, writer, director
• March 22 - Matthew Modine, actor (Full Metal Jacket, Memphis Belle, Any Given Sunday)
• March 29 - Perry Farrell, musician ("Jane's Addiction", "Porno for Pyros")

April-September

• April 3 - David Hyde Pierce, actor (Frasier)
• April 22 - Ryan Stiles, actor (The Drew Carey Show, Whose Line is it Anyway?)
• May 3 - Ben Elton, British comedian and author
• May 3 - Uma Bharati, first woman chief minister of Madhya Pradesh
• May 15 - Andrew Eldritch, British rock artist of The Sisters of Mercy
• May 20 - Bronson Pinchot, actor
• May 20 - Israel Kamakawiwo'ole, Hawaiian singer
• May 22 - Steven Morrissey, singer
• May 29 - Adrian Paul, actor best known for his role in the television series Highlander
• June 30 - Vincent D'Onofrio, actor (Full Metal Jacket, Ed Wood, Law & Order: Criminal Intent)
• July 3 - Julie Burchill, UK journalist
• July 7 - Ben Linder, American engineer murdered in Nicaragua (d. 1987)
• July 11 - Suzanne Vega, singer (Bad Wisdom)
• July 16 - Gary Anderson, American football player
• July 26 - Kevin Spacey, actor
• July 29 - Ruud Janssen, artist
• July 29 - Sanjay Dutt, actor
• August 10 - Rosanna Arquette, actress
• August 14 - Magic Johnson, basketball legend
• August 21 - Jim McMahon, American football quarterback

+ September 11 - Bert Anciaux, Belgian politician

• September 21 - Dave Coulier, actor

October-December

• October 3 - Fred Couples, American golfer
• October 3 - Greg Proops, comedian
• October 7 - Simon Cowell, American Idol judge
• October 15 - Sarah Ferguson, Duchess of York
• October 23 - Weird Al Yankovic, rock music parodist
• October 25 - Nancy Cartwright, voice actress (The Simpsons, Rugrats, Kim Possible)
• October 27 - Rick Carlisle, NBA basketball coach
• November 10 - Linda Cohn, sports anchor
• November 14 - Paul McGann, British actor
• November 23 - Dominique Dunne, actress (Poltergeist) (d. 1982)
• November 25 - Charles Kennedy, British politician
• December 27 - Gerina Dunwich, occult author

Deaths

• January 21 - Cecil B. DeMille, American film director
• January 22 - Mike Hawthorn, racing champion
• February 3 - American rock and roll performers Buddy Holly, Richie Valens and The Big Bopper, in a plane crash near Clear Lake, Iowa. (The news isn't widely known until daybreak.)
• February 3 - Vincent Astor, American philanthropist
• February 11 - Marshall Teague, race car driver (b. 1922)
• February 14 - Baby Dodds, American jazz musician (b. 1898)
• February 28 - Maxwell Anderson, playwright, film writer
• March 3 - Lou Costello, American actor, comedian
• March 4 - Maxey Long, American athlete
• March 26 - Raymond Chandler, American novelist
• March 29 - Barthélemy Boganda, first President of the Central African Republic
• April 9 - Frank Lloyd Wright, American architect (b. 1867)
• May 14 - Sidney Bechet, American jazz musician (b. 1897)
• May 24 - John Foster Dulles, US Secretary of State (b. 1888)
• July 15 - Billie Holiday, American jazz and blues singer
• August 6 - Preston Sturges, American film director and writer
• August 11 - Mario Lanza, American tenor (b. 1921)
• August 15 - Blind Willie McTell, American blues singer
• August 28 - Bohuslav Martinu, composer
• September 13 - Gilbert Adrian, Hollywood fashion designer
• October 14 - Errol Flynn, American actor
• October 16 - George C. Marshall, American general, US Secretary of State, US Secretary of Defense, Nobel Peace Prize recipiant, & director of the American Red Cross (b.1880)
• October 18 - Boughera El Ouafi, Algerian athlete
• November 17 - Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazilian composer

Nobel Prizes

• Physics - Emilio Gino Segrè, - Owen Chamberlain
• Chemistry - Jaroslav Heyrovský
• Medicine - Severo Ochoa, Arthur Kornberg
• Literature - Salvatore Quasimodo
• Peace - Philip John Noel-Baker