(6th millennium BC – 5th millennium BC – 4th millennium BC – other millennia)

Events

• 4713 BC – The epoch (origin) of the Julian Period described by Joseph Justus Scaliger occurred on January 1, the astronomical Julian day number zero.
• c. 4500 BC – Civilization of Susa and Kish in Mesopotamia
• 4004 BC – The universe is created at nightfall preceding October 23 according to the chronology of Archbishop James Ussher of Armagh.

Periods

• c. 4570–4250 BC – Merimde culture on the Nile
• c. 4400–4000 BC – Badari culture on the Nile

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

• Introduction of writing
• c. 4500 BC – Introduction of the plough in Europe
• Domestication of the Water Buffalo in China

de:5. Jahrtausend v. Chr. es:V milenio adC fr:Ve mill�naire av. J.-C. hu:5. �vezred i.e. ja:紀元前5千年紀 nl:5000-4500 v. Chr. ur:4000مقم