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 944 Hidalgo - Definition 


944 Hidalgo
Discovery
Discoverer Walter Baade
Discovery Date October 31, 1920
Alternate Designations 1920 HZ
Category Main belt,
Jupiter-crosser asteroid,
Saturn-crosser asteroid
Orbital Elements
Epoch July 14, 2004 (JD 2453200.5)
Eccentricity (e) 0.660
Semi-Major Axis (a) 859.425 Gm (5.745 AU)
Perihelion (q) 291.846 Gm (1.951 AU)
Aphelion (Q) 1427.003 Gm (9.539 AU)
Orbital Period (P) 5029.467 d (13.77 a)
Mean Orbital Speed 12.43 km/s
Inclination (i) 42.567°
Longitude of the
Ascending Node
(Ω)
21.549°
Argument of Perihelion (ω) 56.569°
Mean Anomaly (M) 346.285°
Physical Characteristics
Dimensions 20 km
Mass 8.4×1015 kg
Density 2 ? g/cm³
Surface Gravity 0.0056 m/s²
Escape Velocity 0.011 km/s
Rotation Period 0.419 29 d[1] (http://www.ipa.nw.ru/PAGE/DEPFUND/LSBSS/parmaeng.htm)
Spectral Class D-type asteroid
Absolute Magnitude 10.77
Albedo 0.1 ?
Mean Surface Temperature ~160 K

944 Hidalgo is an unusual asteroid, and has the longest orbital period (13.77 years) of any asteroid in the traditional asteroid belt.

With a high eccentricity of 0.66, its perihelion of 1.95 AU takes it to the inner edge of the asteroid belt, while its aphelion of 9.54 AU takes it right out to Saturn's orbit, a characteristic normally associated with Saturn's family of comets. Some astronomers therefore suspect that it was once a comet. Strictly speaking, Hidalgo is a Saturn-grazer rather than a Saturn-crosser as its aphelion does not clear Saturn's. Hidalgo's severe orbital inclination of 43° is suspected to be the result of a close encounter with Jupiter. Its diameter is estimated to be 20 km.

944 Hidalgo was discovered by Walter Baade on October 31, 1920 at Bergedorf Observatory near Hamburg, Germany. German astronomers observed a total eclipse in Mexico on September 10, 1923 and had an audience with the president of Mexico, and in honour of this they named the asteroid after the Mexican hero Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla.

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The Minor Planets
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Centaurs | Trans-Neptunians | Damocloids | Comets | Kuiper Belt | Oort Cloud
(For other objects and regions, see: Binary asteroids, Asteroid moons and the Solar system)
(For a complete listing, see: List of asteroids)


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