Antoine d'Abbadie (1810 - March 20, 1897) was an astronomer, geodetist, genographer, physician, numismatist and philologian.

While still a young man, he conceived the project of exploring Africa. Having prepared himself by six years' study, he spent ten years exploring Ethiopia, and achieved scientific results of the greatest value. D'Abbadie was a fervent Catholic, and during his explorations in Ethiopia made every effort to plant there the Catholic Faith. It was at his suggestion and that of his brother Arnauld, companion and colabourer of Antoine, that Gregory XVI sent missionaries to carry on the work.

He published in the "Revue des Questions Scientifiques," the organ of the society, a work on the abolition of African slavery. He gave his estate, called Abbadia, in southern France, to the Academy of Sciences of Paris, to carry on research. His will provided, furthermore, for the establishment of an observatory at Abbadia, where a catalogue of 500,000 stars must be made, the work to be confided to religious and to be completed before 1950.

His principal writings are:

• Catalogue raisonné de manuscrits éthiopiens (Paris, 1859)
• Résumé Géodésique des positions déterminées en Ethiopie (Paris, 1859)
• Géodésie d'Ethiopie ou Triangulation d'une patrie de la haute Ethiopie (4 vols, Paris, 1860-73)
• Observations relatives à la physique du globe, faites au Brésil et en Ethiopie (Paris, 1873)
• Dictionnaire de la langue Amariñña.

His younger brother Arnauld Michel accompanied him on his expedition to Abyssinia.

This article incorporates text from the public domain Catholic Encyclopedia.