Aridisols are a soil order in USA soil taxonomy. Aridisols (from the Latin aridus, for “dry”) form in an arid or semi-arid climate. Aridisols dominate the deserts and xeric shrublands which occupy about one third of the Earth's land surface. Aridisols have a very poor concentration of organic matter (In this case decomposed material, humus).
Water deficiency is the major defining characteristic of Aridisols. Also required is sufficient age to exhibit sub-soil weathering and development. Imperfect leaching in Aridisols often results in one or more subsurface soil horizons in which suspended or dissolved minerals have been deposited: silicate clays, sodium, calcium carbonate, gypsum or soluble salts. These subsoil horizons can also be cemented by carbonates, gypsum or silica. Accumulation of salts on the surface can result in salinization.

Suborders

Argids (clay)

Calcids (carbonate)

Cambids (typical)

Cryrids (cold)

Durids (duripan)

Gypsids (gypsum)

Salids (salts)

See also

Pedogenesis
Pedology (soil study)
Soil classification
Soil science
Soil type

External Links

SSSA glossary - aridisols (http://www.soils.org/cgi-bin/gloss_search.cgi?QUERY=Aridisols)
USDA - NRCS - aridisols (http://soils.usda.gov/technical/classification/orders/aridisols.html)
University of Idaho - aridisols (http://soils.ag.uidaho.edu/soilorders/aridisols.htm)
University of Florida - aridisols (http://grunwald.ifas.ufl.edu/Nat_resources/soil_orders/aridisols.htm)