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Averell Harriman - Definition and Overview |
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William Averell Harriman (November 15 1891 – July 26 1986) was a Governor of New York.
Harriman was born in New York City, son of Edward Henry Harriman and Mary Williamson Averell, brother of E. Roland Harriman. He first married Kitty Lanier Lawrence, she died in 1936 and he married again to Pamela Beryl Digby. He served as the U.S. Ambassador to Soviet Union between 1943 and 1946 and the Ambassador to Britain in 1946. He was later appointed the U.S. Secretary of Commerce under President Harry Truman to replace Henry A. Wallace, a critic of Truman's foreign policies. Harriman served between 1946 and 1948. He was sent to Tehran in July 1951 to mediate between Persia and Britain in the wake of the Persian nationalization of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (http://www.bibliothecapersica.com/articles/v12f1/v12f1011.html).
He was a Democrat, and served as the Governor of New York from 1955-59 until Nelson Rockefeller, who was a Republican, defeated him in 1958. He was a candidate for the Democratic Presidential Nomination in 1952 and 1956, was endorsed by Harry S. Truman in 1956, but lost the fight to Adlai Stevenson.
He was appointed Ambassador at Large in the Kennedy administration, a position he held until November 1961. He was then appointed Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs. He remained in that position until April 1963, when he became Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs. He continued in that position in the Lyndon Johnson administration, until March 1965 when he again became Ambassador at Large, a position he would hold for the remainder of Johnson's presidency. Harriman was the chief U.S. negotiator at the Paris peace talks on Vietnam.
Harriman was initiated into the Skull and Bones Society, along with his friend Prescott Bush. He also served as a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.
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