Canso is a small town in Guysborough County, on the north-eastern tip of mainland Nova Scotia, Canada. It is a fishing community, but is currently in a depressed state owing the declining fish stocks in the Atlantic.

The Stan Rogers Folk Festival is held in Canso every year to honor native son Stan Rogers.

Canso crater on Mars is named after the town of Canso.

A plebiscite was held on January 30, 2005 on merging the town with Guysborough County, at the suggestion of the provincial government; it was hoped that such a move would reduce administrative costs and be able to pass more on to the community. The proposal was rejected, mainly due to an appeal to the town's heritage and identity.