The town dates from the late 17th century as one of the four original divisions of Richmond County. It was originally set aside as the manor of the governor of the Province of New York and was named for the manor of Governor Thomas Dongan in Cassiltowne in County Kildare, Ireland. The original manor house was constructed along Richmond Terrace, between Dongan Street and Bodin Street. It was destroyed by fire on December 25, 1878.
The town included the present-day neighborhoods of: