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Chita Oblast (Russian: Чити́нская о́бласть) (431,500 km², pop. 1155346
as of 2002 All-Russian Population Census) is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Chita. This southeastern Siberian oblast has extensive international borders with China (998 km) and Mongolia (868 km) and internal borders with Irkutsk and Amur oblasts, and the republics of Buryatia and Sakha (Yakutia). It contains the autonomous district of Aga Buryatia.
The territory that makes up today's Chita Oblast was first explored by Cossacks led by Pyotr Beketov in 1653. People began to move into and develop the area in order to strengthen Russia's border with China and Mongolia, extract mineral resources, and build the Trans-Siberian railway. In 1920, Chita became the capital of the Far East Republic, which merged with the Russian Federation in November 1922, a month before the Soviet Union was constituted.
The oblast is rich in ferrous, non-ferrous, rare, and precious metals, coal, charcoal, and mineral waters. Forests cover about 60% of its territory. As a result, the oblast's main industries are metallurgy, fuel, and timber. It also has advanced light and food industries. Local agriculture focuses on cattle, sheep, and reindeer breeding.
Administrative Division
Districts
Chita Oblast consists of the following districts (Russian: районы):
- Akshinsky (Акшинский)
- Aleksandrovo-Zavodsky (Александрово-Заводский)
- Baleysky (Балейский)
- Borzinsky (Борзинский)
- Chernyshevsky (Чернышевский)
- Chitinsky (Читинский)
- Gazimuro-Zavodsky (Газимуро-Заводский)
- Kalarsky (Каларский)
- Kalgansky (Калганский)
- Karymsky (Карымский)
- Khiloksky (Хилокский)
- Krasnochikoysky (Красночикойский)
- Krasnokamensky (Краснокаменский)
- Kyrinsky (Кыринский)
- Mogochinsky (Могочинский)
- Nerchinsko-Zavodsky (Нерчинско-Заводский)
- Nerchinsky (Нерчинский)
- Olovyanninsky (Оловяннинский)
- Ononsky (Ононский)
- Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky (Петровск-Забайкальский)
- Priargunsky (Приаргунский)
- Shelopuginsky (Шелопугинский)
- Shilkinsky (Шилкинский)
- Sretensky (Сретенский)
- Tungiro-Olekminsky (Тунгиро-Олекминский)
- Tungokochensky (Тунгокоченский)
- Uletovsky (Улетовский)
- Zabaykalsky (Забайкальский)
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