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Electronics is the study and use of electrical devices that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles in devices such as thermionic valves and semiconductors. The pure study of such devices is considered as a branch of physics, while the design and construction of electronic circuits to solve practical problems is part of the fields of electrical, electronic and computer engineering. The main uses of electronic circuits are the controlling, processing and distribution of information, and the conversion and distribution of electric power. Both of these uses involve the creation or detection of electromagnetic fields and electric currents. More broadly, most electronics systems fall into the category of either control systems or communication systems. While electricity had been used for some time to transmit data over telegraphs and telephones, the development of electronics truly began in earnest with the advent of radio. Today, electronic devices perform a much wider variety of tasks. One way of looking at an electronic system is to divide it into the following parts:
Take as an example a television. Its input is a broadcast signal received by an antenna or fed in through a cable. Signal processing circuits inside the television extract the brightness, colour and sound information from this signal. The output devices are a cathode ray tube that converts electronic signals into a visible image on a screen and magnet driven audio speakers.
See also
Electronic test equipment
Interconnecting electronic components
Passive components
Active components (solid-state)
Active components (thermionic)
Display devicesElectromechanical sensors and actuatorsThermoelectric devicesPhotoelectric devices
Antennae, etc.Analog circuitsMost analog electronic appliances, such as radio receivers, are constructed from arrays of a few types of circuits.
Digital circuitsComputers, electronic clocks, and programmable logic controllers (used to control industrial processes) are constructed of digital circuits. Digital Signal Processors are another example. Building-blocks: Complex devices: Mixed-signal circuitsMixed-signal circuits, also known as hybrid circuits, are becoming increasingly common. Mixed circuits contain both analog and digital components. analog to digital converters and digital to analog converters are the primary examples. Other examples are transmission gates and buffers. Heat dissipationHeat generated by electronic circuitry must be dissipated to improve reliability. Techniques for heat dissipation can include heatsinks and fans for air cooling, and other forms of computer cooling such as liquid cooling for computers . NoiseAssociated with all electronic circuits is noise. Types of noise include
Electronics theorySee alsoExternal linksTutorials and projects
Some other good sites
ca:Electrnica da:Elektronik de:Elektronik et:Elektroonika es:Electrnica eo:Elektrotekniko kaj Elektroniko fr:lectronique fy:Elektroanika gl:Electrnica hr:Elektronika id:Elektronika he:אלקטרוניקה la:Electronica nl:Elektronica ja:電子工学 no:Elektronikk nds:Elektronik pl:Elektronika pt:Eletrnica simple:Electronics sr:Електроника fi:Elektroniikka sv:Elektronik zh:电子学 |
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