Energy conversion - Definition and Overview

Energy conversion is a collective name for all processes that change the form of energy, such as conversion from chemical energy contained in fuels to heat, by combustion. Subsequent conversion in heat engines may produce mechanical energy, which may be further converted to electrical energy.

During energy conversion losses can occur. According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy can not be destroyed or created. Energy losses imply escape of energy from a system, such as heat losses from a building,

In conversion of heat to mechanical and electrical energy, disposal of heat at low temperature is necessary, according to the second law of thermodynamics. Only the exergy part of energy can be converted without limitations. The heat rejected to the environment at low temperature, by cooling water or cooling towers is of low quality from the point of view of its utility.

See also: Combustion, Heat engine, Power plant, Electric motor, Photovoltaic cell Nuclear reactor