February 3 - Definition and Overview

February 3 is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 331 days remaining, (332 in leap years).

In the Northern hemisphere, there are 88 days in winter (in a non-leap year). We are considered halfway through winter on February 3.

Events

• 1451 - Murad II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire dies and is succeeded by his son Mehmed II.
• 1488 - Bartholomeu Diaz of Portugal lands in Mossel Bay after rounding the Cape of Good Hope at the tip of Africa, becoming the first known European to travel this far south.
• 1690 - The colony of Massachusetts issues the first paper money in America.
• 1783 - American Revolutionary War: Spain recognizes United States independence.
• 1787 - Shays' Rebellion is crushed, ending an uprising that would prompt negotiations that would result in the drafting of the Constitution of the United States.
• 1809 - Illinois Territory is created.
• 1815 - The first commercial cheese factory is founded (Switzerland).
• 1867 - Prince Mutsuhito becomes Emperor Meiji of Japan.
• 1870 - The 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution is passed.
• 1900 - Gubernatorial candidate William Goebel is assassinated in Frankfort, Kentucky. Former-Secretary of State Caleb Powers was later found guilty in a conspiracy to kill Goebel.
• 1913 - The 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect income tax.
• 1916 - Parliament buildings in Ottawa, Canada burn down.
• 1917 - World War I: The United States breaks off diplomatic relations with Germany a day after Germany announces a new policy of unrestricted submarine warfare.
• 1918 - The Twin Peaks Tunnel begins service as the longest streetcar tunnel in the world (11,920 feet long).
• 1931 - 258 die in New Zealand's worst natural disaster, the Napier earthquake.
• 1941 - World War II: The Nazis forcibly restore Pierre Laval to office in occupied Vichy, France.
• 1944 - United States troops capture the Marshall Islands.
• 1945 - World War II: Soviet Union agrees to enter the Pacific Theatre conflict against Japan.
• 1947 - Percival Prattis becomes the first African American news correspondent allowed in the United States House and Senate press gallery.
• 1951 - Dick Button wins the American figure skating championship for the fourth consecutive time.
• 1952 - The earliest known tropical storm makes landfall in South Florida.
• 1959 - Plane crash that kills Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and The Big Bopper. This date becomes known as "The Day The Music Died".
• 1966 - The unmanned Soviet Luna 9 spacecraft makes the first controlled rocket-assisted landing on the Moon.
• 1969 - In Cairo, Yasser Arafat is appointed Palestinian Liberation Organization leader at the Palestinian National Congress.
• 1972 - The first Winter Olympics to be held in Asia open in Sapporo, Japan.
• 1984 - Space Shuttle Challenger is launched on the tenth space shuttle mission.
• 1988 - Iran-Contra Affair: The United States House of Representatives rejects President Ronald Reagan's request for $36.25 million to aid Nicaraguan Contras.
• 1989 - After a stroke, P.W. Botha resigns party leadership and the presidency of South Africa.
• 1998 - Karla Faye Tucker is executed in Texas becoming the first woman executed in the United States since 1984.
• 1998 - A United States Marine Corps pilot causes the death of 20 skiers in Italy riding on a lift suspended by a cable snapped by the low-flying plane.
• 2002 - Super Bowl XXXVI: The New England Patriots defeat the St. Louis Rams, 20-17, to win their first Super Bowl championship.
• 2008 - Super Bowl XLII will take place from the new Arizona Cardinals stadium currently under construction in Glendale, Arizona.

Births

• 1721 - Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz, Prussian general (d. 1773)
• 1754 - George Crabbe, English poet, naturalist (d. 1832)
• 1809 - Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (d. 1847)
• 1811 - Horace Greeley, American journalist, editor, publisher (d. 1872)
• 1821 - Elizabeth Blackwell, first female physician in the United States (d. 1910)
• 1859 - Hugo Junkers, German industrialist and aircraft designer (d. 1935)
• 1862 - James Clark McReynolds, U.S. Supreme Court justice (d. 1946)
• 1874 - Gertrude Stein, American writer and patron of the arts (d. 1946)
• 1887 - Georg Trakl, Austrian poet (d. 1914)
• 1893 - Gaston Julia, French mathematician (d. 1978)
• 1894 - Norman Rockwell, American artist, illustrator (d. 1978)
• 1898 - Alvar Aalto, Finnish architect (d. 1976)
• 1904 - Pretty Boy Floyd, U.S. gangster (d. 1934)
• 1907 - James Michener, U.S. author (d. 1997)
• 1909 - Simone Weil, French philosopher (d. 1943)
• 1911 - Robert Earl Jones, American actor
• 1918 - Joey Bishop, comedian, actor
• 1918 - Helen Stephens, U.S. sprinter
• 1924 - Andrzej Szczypiorski, writer (d. 2000)
• 1925 - John Fiedler, American voice over actor
• 1926 - Shelley Berman, American comedian
• 1927 - Val Doonican, Irish singer and entertainer
• 1930 - Gillian Ayres, painter
• 1932 - Peggy Ann Garner, actress (d. 1984)
• 1933 - Paul Sarbanes, United States Senator
• 1938 - Victor Buono, American actor (d. 1982)
• 1939 - Michael Cimino, American film director
• 1940 - Fran Tarkenton, Football Hall of Famer
• 1941 - Neil Bogart, music company executive (d. 1982)
• 1943 - Blythe Danner, actress
• 1945 - Bob Griese, Football Hall of Famer
• 1947 - Paul Auster, novelist
• 1947 - Melanie Safka, singer/songwriter
• 1947 - Dave Davies, British musician (The Kinks)
• 1948 - Carlos Felipe Ximenes Belo, East Timorian politician, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize
• 1950 - Morgan Fairchild, actress
• 1950 - Pamela Franklin, American actress
• 1956 - Nathan Lane, actor
• 1956 - Lee Ranaldo, American musician (Sonic Youth)
• 1960 - Kerry Von Erich, American professional wrestler (d. 1993)
• 1965 - Maura Tierney, actress
• 1970 - Warwick Davis, British actor
• 1971 - Sarah Kane, playwright (d. 1999)
• 1974 - Miriam Yeung, actress and singer

Deaths

• 1014 - Sweyn I, king of Denmark (b. ca. 965)
• 1428 - Ashikaga Yoshimochi, Ashikaga shogun (b. 1386)
• 1468 - Johannes Gutenberg, German publisher (b. ca. 1390s)
• 1889 - Belle Starr, American outlaw (b. 1848)
• 1924 - Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States (b. 1856)
• 1956 - Émile Borel, mathematician, politician, statesman, member of the French Resistance during World War II (b. 1871)
• 1959 - Rock and roll performers Buddy Holly (b. 1936), Ritchie Valens (b. 1941) and The Big Bopper (b. 1930) (plane crash)
• 1960 - Fred Buscaglione, Italian singer and actor
• 1964 - Sir Albert Richardson, English architect (b. 1880)
• 1985 - Frank Oppenheimer, American physicist
• 1989 - John Cassavetes, American actor, director, writer (b. 1929)
• 1991 - Nancy Kulp, American actress
• 1996 - Audrey Meadows, actress (b. 1926)
• 1998 - Karla Faye Tucker, murderess
• 2000 - Richard Kleindienst, American politician
• 2003 - Kid Gavilan, Cuban boxer
• 2005 - Zurab Zhvania, Georgian Prime Minister
• 2005 - Corrado Cardinal Bafile, oldest Cardinal ever. (b. 1903)
• 2005 - Ernst Mayr, evolutionary biologist (b. 1904)

Holidays and observances

• Saint Blaise Roman Catholics visit churches to have their throats blessed.
• Boy Scout Sunday
• Feast day of Saint Werburgh
• In the United States, Four Chaplains Day.
• In Japan, the festival of Setsubun before spring.

February 2 - February 4 - January 3 - March 3 -- listing of all days