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A religious war, literally, is a war fought on the pretext of religion or religious differences. The European Wars of Religion, the Crusades, and the Reconquista are frequently cited examples. Opinions differ as to whether the leaders of such wars are in fact motivated by religion, or whether they are motivated by political power or conquest, and use religion simply to motivate the masses to fight.
The Islamic term jihad (literally "struggle") can refer to religious war, though it can also refer to an inward striving for perfect faith.
See also flame war, in which this term refers to a drawn-out debate on computer esoterica.
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