Ibid - Definition and Overview

Ibid (Latin, short for "ibidem," "the same place") is the term used to provide an endnote or footnote citation or reference for a source that was cited in the last endnote or footnote. It is also abbreviated "Ib." in legal documents. It is similar in meaning to "idem," abbreviated "Id."

To find the Ibid source, one has to look at the reference right before it.

Example

• 4. R. Millan, "Ibid for dummies" (Academic, New York, 1997), p. 23.
• 5. Ibid, p. 100.

The reference no. 5 is the same as in no 4. (R. Millan, "Ibid for dummies"). Note that page is different.

See also

• Bibliography
• MLA Handbook (may or may not apply to APA)
• Op cit

External links

• Dictionary.com/ibid (http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=ibid&r=67)
• On IBID and OP CIT (http://www.sas.upenn.edu/chem/library/infoclass/ibid.html)