- In economics, inflation is the rise in the general level of prices.
- In cosmology, astrophysics, and astronomy, inflation (cosmic inflation) is the ideafirst proposed by Alan Guth (1981)that the nascent universe passed through a phase of exponential expansion that was driven by a negative positive energy density (with negative vacuum pressure).
- With respect to a system of matter, inflation is distention of matter by a fluid or gas.
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