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Iodised salt is ordinary table salt mixed with a tiny amount of iodine salts, so that it prevents disease of the thyroid gland. Only minuscule quantities of iodine are required in the diet to prevent this disease, but there are many places around the world such as high mountains where natural levels of iodine in soil are very low.
Iodised salt is a very cheap and effective way of distributing the necessary iodine.
The former Soviet Union would have iodised the salt wherever necessary, but since its collapse, this enrichment has probably declined.
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