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Jan Chryzostom Pasek (1636-1701) was a nobleman (szlachcic) and writer in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He is best remembered for his memoirs (Pamietniki), which are a valuable historical source about Baroque sarmatian culture and events in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Born in 16361 in Węgrzynowice near Rawa Mazowiecka in a minor szlachta family. Attended jesuit school. He enlisted in the army at age 19 and for 11 years he was a soldier in a Commonwealth military, where he fought in the campaigns under hetman Stefan Czarniecki against Sweden, in the Denmark campaign, took part in the war and negotiations with Moscow (where he was member of the diplomatic mission), fought the rokoszans of Lubomirski and Turks. In 1667 he married and retired to his estate in Małopolska. Lawsuits that arose from his various excesses and conflicts with neighbours eventually resulted in his sentence to exile, but the sentence was never enforced.
Near the end of his life (likely around 1690-1695) he wrote a autobiographical diary, a copy of which was found in 18th century and printed in 1821, making Pasek posthumously famous. In his memoirs, he depicts in vivid language the everyday life of szlachcic, both during wartime and peace, with valuable batallistic scenes. He relates the tales of the 17th-century Swedish and Muscovite wars, the catastrophic last years of the reign of King John II Casimir (1648-68), the incompetent rule of King Michal Korybut Wisniowiecki (1669-73), and he concludes his narrative with the splendid reign of King Jan III Sobieski (1674-96). In the first part of the diary (1656 - 66), Pasek depicts the military life, showing soldiers primary motivations, like curiosity, desire of fame and loot, and disregard for deep religious messages. In describing peacetime life (1667 - 88), he sees nothing wrong with serfdom and peasant social class opression. Representing late sarmatism culture, he views only szlachta social class as the only real representative of Commonwealth.
Pasek died on 1 August 1701 in Niedzieliszki.
See also
Notes
- Date of birth approximated from several sources
References
- Jan Chryzostom. Pasek, Catherine S. Leach (editor), Memoirs of the Polish Baroque: The Writings of Jan Chryzostom Pasek, a Squire of the Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania, University of California Press, 1980, ISBN 0520027523
- Jan Chryzostom Pasek, Maria Swiecicka-Ziemianek (editor), Memoirs of Jan Chryzostom Z Goslawic Pasek, Kosciuszko Foundation, 1979, ISBN 0917004159
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