ja:金 (王朝)fi:Jin-dynastiazh:金朝de:Jin-Dynastie

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The Jin Dynasty (金 pinyin: Jīn 1115-1234; Anchu in Jurchen), also known as the Jurchen dynasty, was founded by the Wanyan (完顏 W�ny�n) clan of the Jurchen, the ancestors of the Manchus who established the Qing Dynasty some 500 years later. The name is sometimes written as Jinn to differentiate it from an earlier Jin Dynasty of China whose name is spelled identically in the Roman alphabet.

Founded in 1115 in northern Manchuria, it successively annihilated in 1125 the Liao Dynasty which had held sway over Manchuria and the northern frontier of China for several centuries. On January 9, 1127 Jin forces sacked Kaifeng, capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, capturing both Emperor Qinzong, and his father, Emperor Huizong, who had abdicated in panic in the face of Jin forces. Following the fall of Kaifeng, Song forces under the leadership of the succeeding Southern Song Dynasty continued to fight for over a decade with Jin forces, eventually signing a peace treaty in 1141, and ceding all of North China to the Jin in 1142 in return for peace.

After taking over North China, the Jin Dynasty became increasingly Sinicized, moving its capital from Huining Fu in northern Manchuria (south of present-day Harbin) to Zhongdu (now Beijing). Starting from the early 13th century the Jin Dynasty began to feel the pressure of Mongols from the north. In 1214 the Jin Dynasty moved its capital to Kaifeng (the old Song capital) to evade the Mongols; but under the forces of the Mongol Empire led by �gedei Khan, third son of Genghis Khan, as well as their allies in the Southern Song Dynasty, the dynasty crumbled in 1234.

In 1616, Manchus under the leadership of Nurhaci established the Later Jin Dynasty, taking its name from this dynasty. Later Jin was renamed the Qing Dynasty in 1636, and went on to conquer China proper and become the last dynasty of Imperial China.

Sovereigns of Jin Dynasty 1115-1234

Temple Name Miao Hao 廟號 mi�oh�o	Posthumous Name Shi Hao 諡號 sh�h�o	Birth Name   姓名 x�ngm�ng	Years of Reign	Era Name Nian Hao 年號 ni�nh�o and Years
Convention: "Jin" + temple name or posthumous name
T�izǔ 太祖	(1)	W�ny�n Āgǔdǎ 完顏阿骨打	1115-1123	Shōugu� 收國 1115-1116   Tiānfǔ 天輔 1117-1123
T�izōng 太宗	(1)	W�ny�n W�qǐmǎi 完顏吳乞買 or W�ny�n (Sh�ng or Ch�ng) 完顏晟	1123-1134	Tiānhu� 天會 1123-1134
Xīzōng 熙宗	(1)	W�ny�n H�l� 完顏合剌 or W�ny�n Dǎn 完顏亶	1135-1149	Tiānhu� 天會 1135-1138   Tiānju�n 天眷 1138-1141   Hu�ngtǒng 皇統 1141-1149
(2)	Hǎil�ngw�ng 海陵王	W�ny�n Li�ng 完顏亮	1149-1161	Tiānd� 天德 1149-1153   Zh�nyu�n 貞元 1153-1156   Zh�ngl�ng 正隆 1156-1161
Sh�zōng 世宗	(1)	W�ny�n Yōng 完顏雍	1161-1189	D�d�ng 大定 1161-1189
Zhāngzōng 章宗	(1)	W�ny�n Jǐng 完顏璟	1190-1208	M�ngchāng 明昌 1190-1196   Ch�ng'ān 承安 1196-1200   T�ih� 泰和1200-1208
(2)	W�ish�ow�ng 衛紹王 or W�iw�ng 衛王	W�ny�n Yǒngj� 完顏永濟	1209-1213	D�'ān 大安 1209-1212   Ch�ngq�ng 崇慶 1212-1213   Zh�n�ng 至寧 1213
Xuānzōng 宣宗	(1)	W�ny�n X�n 完顏珣	1213-1223	Zhēny�u 貞祐 1213-1217   Xīngd�ng 興定 1217-1222   Yu�nguāng 元光 1222-1223
Āizōng 哀宗	(1)	W�ny�n Shǒux� 完顏守緒	1224-1234	Zh�ngd� 正大 1224-1232   Kāixīng 開興 1232   Tiānxīng 天興 1232-1234
(2)	M�d� 末帝	W�ny�n Ch�ngl�n 完顏承麟	1234	(2)

(1) Quite long and thus not used when referring to this sovereign.
(2) Did not exist

See also: Puxian Wannu