Latin Noun Case: First Declension
Singular
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	a	-	puella	the girl
Genitive	ae	of,	puellae	of the girl
Dative	ae	-to, -for	puellae	to the girl
Accusative	am	-	puellam	the girl
Ablative	a	-with, -by	puella	with the girl
Vocative	a	-	puella!	girl!
Plural
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	ae	-	puellae	the girls
Genitive	arum	of,	puellarum	of the girls
Dative	is	-to, -for	puellis	to the girls
Accusative	as	-	puellas	the girls
Ablative	is	-with, -by	puellis	with the girls
Vocative	ae	-	puellae!	girls!

2^nd. o declension

    Nouns of this class end in -us, um, or -r and are usually of masculine or neuter grammatical gender.

        Example I, words ending in -us (paradigma hortus - garden)

        Example II, words ending in -um(paradigma verbum - word)

        Example III, words ending in -r (paradigma ager -field)

Note that the e in the nominative singular form is just an insertion to ease pronunciation and is omitted in all other forms. There are however some words, where the e belongs to the stem proper and can't be omitted. These are: gener (son-in-law), socer (father-in-law), puer (boy), vesper (evening) and liberi (children - only occurs in plural forms).

3^rd. mixed declension

    Nouns of this class are can be masculine, feminine of neuter in grammatical gender. This class comprises nouns whose stem ends in a consonant.

        Example I, words with no particular ending for nominative singular (paradigma masculine rex - king)

Latin Noun Case: Third Declension
Singular
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	-	-	rex	king
Genitive	is	-of	regis	of the king
Dative	i	-to, -for	regi	to the king
Accusative	em	-	regem	the king
Ablative	e	-with, -by	rege	with the king
Vocative	-	-	rex	king!
Plural
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	es	-	reges	kings
Genitive	um	-of	regum	of the kings
Dative	ibus	-to, -for	regibus	to the kings
Accusative	es	-	reges	the kings
Ablative	ibus	-with, -by	regibus	with the kings
Vocative	es	-	reges	kings!

        Example II, words with no particular ending for nominative singular (paradigma feminine vox - voice)

Latin Noun Case: Third Declension
Singular
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	-	-	vox	voice
Genitive	is	-of	vocis	of the voice
Dative	i	-to, -for	voci	to the voice
Accusative	em	-	vocem	the voice
Ablative	e	-with, -by	voce	with the voice
Vocative	-	-	vox	voice!
Plural
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	es	-	voces	voices
Genitive	um	-of	vocum	of the voices
Dative	ibus	-to, -for	vocibus	to the voices
Accusative	es	-	voces	the voices
Ablative	ibus	-with, -by	vocibus	with the voices
Vocative	es	-	voces	voices!

        Example III, words with no particular ending for nominative singular (paradigma neuter nomen - name)

Latin Noun Case: Third Declension
Singular
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	-	-	nomen	name
Genitive	is	-of	nominis	of the name
Dative	i	-to, -for	nomini	to the name
Accusative	-	-	nomen	the name
Ablative	e	-with, -by	nomine	with the name
Vocative	-	-	nomen	name!
Plural
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	a	-	nomina	names
Genitive	um	-of	nominum	of the names
Dative	ibus	-to, -for	nominibus	to the names
Accusative	a	-	nomina	the names
Ablative	ibus	-with, -by	nominibus	with the names
Vocative	a	-	nomina	names!

4^th. u declension

    Nouns of this class end in -us or -u. The former ones usually are of masculine gender,the latter ones are always neuter.

        Example I, nouns ending in -us(paradigma lacus -lake)

Latin Noun Case: Fourth Declension Masculine
Singular
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	us	-	lacus	the lake
Genitive	us	-of	lacus	of the lake
Dative	ui	-to, -for	lacui	to the lake
Accusative	um	-	lacum	the lake
Ablative	u	-with, -by	lacu	with the lake
Vocative	us	-	lacus!	lake!
Plural
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	us	-	lacus	of the lakes
Genitive	uum	-of	lacuum	of the lakes
Dative	ibus	-to, -for	lacuibus	to the lakes
Accusative	us	-	lacus	the lakes
Ablative	ibus	-with, -by	lacuibus	with the lakes
Vocative	us	-	lacus	lakes!

        Example II, neuter nouns ending in -u (paradigma cornu - horn)

Latin Noun Case: Fourth Declension Neuter
Singular
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	u	-	cornu	the horn
Genitive	us	-of	cornus	of the horn
Dative	u	-to, -for	cornu	to the horn
Accusative	u	-	cornu	the horn
Ablative	u	-with, -by	cornu	with the horn
Vocative	u	-	cornu!	horn!
Plural
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	ua	-	cornua	of the horns
Genitive	uum	-of	cornuum	of the horns
Dative	ibus	-to, -for	cornibus	to the horns
Accusative	ua	-	cornua	the horns
Ablative	ibus	-with, -by	cornibus	with the horns
Vocative	ua	-	cornua	horns!

5^th. e declension

    Nouns of this class end in -es. Nearly all of them are of feminine grammatical gender, with the notable exception of dies, which is masculine.

        Example I (paradigma res - thing)

Latin Noun Case: Fifth Declension Feminine
Singular
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	es	-	res	the thing
Genitive	ei	-of	reei	of the thing
Dative	ei	-to, -for	rei	to the thing
Accusative	em	-	rem	the thing
Ablative	e	-with, -by	re	with the thing
Vocative	es	-	res!	thing!
Plural
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	es	-	res	of the things
Genitive	erum	-of	rerum	of the things
Dative	ebus	-to, -for	rebus	to the things
Accusative	es	-	res	the things
Ablative	ebus	-with, -by	rebus	with the things
Vocative	es	-	res	things!

         Example II (paradigma dies - day )

Latin Noun Case: Fifth Declension Masculine
Singular
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	es	-	dies	the day
Genitive	ei	-of	diei	of the day
Dative	ei	-to, -for	diei	to the day
Accusative	em	-	diem	the day
Ablative	e	-with, -by	die	with the day
Vocative	es	-	dies!	day!
Plural
Case	Suffix	English prep.	Sample	Translation
Nominative	es	-	dies	of the days
Genitive	erum	-of	dierum	of the days
Dative	ebus	-to, -for	diebus	to the days
Accusative	es	-	dies	the days
Ablative	ebus	-with, -by	diebus	with the days
Vocative	es	-	dies	days!

            This declension class is the last to develop in Latin; the only nouns that have the full declension are dies and fides.

            From res, we get res publicae, or republic: thing of the people.

Adjective declensions

Adjectives are divided into two declension classes. The first (called the "first and second declension") combines the a and o declensions of nouns, with the a endings added when the adjective is feminine, and the o forms for masculines. Neuter adjectives of this class follow the pattern for o class neuter nouns.

The other class for adjectives (called the "third declension") is similar to the third class for nouns, with the important difference that nearly all these adjectives form the ablative singular in -i, not in -e. The nominative singular of these adjectives is also often marked for gender in various ways.

A small class of adjectives follows the "pronominal declension", described below.

Pronoun declensions

The personal pronouns are declined as follows:

First person:

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	ego	nos
genitive	meus/mei	nostrum/nostri
dative	mihi	nobis
accusative	me	nos
ablative	me	nobis

Second person

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	tu	vos
genitive	tui	vestrum/vestri
dative	tibi	vobis
accusative	te	vos
ablative	te	vobis

There are clear patterns here and relations to the noun declensions. (Accusative plural ends in -s; dative and ablative plural are identical; characteristic -i ending in the dative singular, and so forth.)

Relative and demonstrative pronouns are generally declined like first and second declension adjectives, with the following differences:

• the nominatives are often irregular
• the dative singular ends in -i rather than -ae or -o
• the genitive singular ends in -ius rather than -ae or -i.

These differences identify the "pronominal" declension, and a few adjectives also follow this pattern. For example, ille:

The relative pronoun qui and its variants and compounds form their plural dative and ablative in -ibus.

See also

• Latin conjugation