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Lionel-Adolphe Groulx (January 13, 1878 - May 23, 1967), called Abbé Groulx (Canon Groulx), was a Roman Catholic priest, historian and nationalist. He was born on at Chenaux, Quebec, and died in Vaudreuil, Quebec.
After his seminary training he taught at Valleyfield College, then the University of Montreal, where he edited a monthly journal entitled Action Française. Lionel Groulx called the Canadian Confederation of 1867 a disaster and espoused the theory that Quebec's only hope for survival was to foster a Roman Catholic Quebec as a bulwark against English power.
He also developed a Quebec history curriculum that ignored the fact that France chose to keep Guadaloupe and hand over Quebec to Great Britain in the 1763 Treaty of Paris.
In her 1993 book, (Antisémitisme et nationalisme d'extrême-droite dans la province de Québec 1929-1939) , French-Canadian author and historian Esther Delisle documented the lifelong anti-Semitism on the part of Lionel Groulx, detailing his writings filled with denunciations of the Jews, blaming them for numerous social ills.
Lionel Groulx's major writings are Histoire du Canada français (1951), and Notre maître le passé.
Groulx founded the Institut d'histoire d'Amérique française in 1946, a small institute located in Montreal that is devoted to the historical study of the French presence in North America and the publication of La revue d'histoire de l'Amérique française. A station on the Montreal Metro is named for him.
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