2003 state leaders - Events of 2004 - 2005 state leaders - State leaders by year

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Contents

1 Africa 2 Asia 3 Australia and Oceania 4 Europe 5 Middle East 6 North America and the Caribbean 7 South America

Africa

• Algeria
  • President - Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of Algeria (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Ahmed Ouyahia, Prime Minister of Algeria (2003–present)
• Angola
  • President - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979–present)
  • Prime Minister - Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos, Prime Minister of Angola (2002–present)
• Benin - Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin (1996–present)
• Botswana - Festus Mogae, President of Botswana (1998–present)
• Burkina Faso
  • President - Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987–present)
  • Prime Minister - Paramanga Ernest Yonli, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2000–present)
• Burundi - Domitien Ndayizeye, President of Burundi (2003–present)
• Cameroon
  • President - Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982–present)
  • Prime Minister - Peter Mafany Musonge, Prime Minister of Cameroon (1996–present)
• Cape Verde
  • President - Pedro Pires, President of Cape Verde (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - José Maria Neves, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (2001–present)
• Central African Republic
  • President - François Bozizé, President of the Central African Republic (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister - Célestin Gaombalet, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (2003–present)
• Chad
  • President - Idriss Déby, President of Chad (1990–present)
  • Prime Minister - Moussa Faki, Prime Minister of Chad (2003–present)
• Comoros - Azali Assoumani, President of Comoros (1999–present)
• Democratic Republic of the Congo - Joseph Kabila, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2001–present)
• Republic of the Congo - Denis Sassou-Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo (1997–present)
• Côte d'Ivoire
  • President - Laurent Gbagbo, President of Côte d'Ivoire (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Seydou Diarra, Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire (2003–present)
• Djibouti
  • President - Ismail Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Dileita Mohamed Dileita, Prime Minister of Djibouti (2001–present)
• Equatorial Guinea
  • President - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Cándido Muatetema Rivas, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2001–2004)
    2. Miguel Abia Biteo Borico (2004–present)
• Eritrea - Isaias Afwerki, President of Eritrea (1993–present)
• Ethiopia
  • President - Girma Wolde-Giorgis, President of Ethiopia (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1995–present)
• Gabon
  • President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jean-François Ntoutoume Emane, Prime Minister of Gabon (1999–present)
• The Gambia - Yahya Jammeh, President of the Gambia (1994–present)
• Ghana - John Kufuor, President of Ghana (2001–present)
• Guinea
  • President - Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Lamine Sidimé, Prime Minister of Guinea (1999- February 23, 2004)
    2. François Lonseny Fall, Prime Minister of Guinea (February 23, 2004–present) (resigned and exiled since April 30, 2004)
• Guinea-Bissau
  • President - Henrique Rosa, interim President of Guinea-Bissau (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Artur Sanhá, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2003–2004)
    2. Carlos Gomes Júnior, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2004–present)
• Kenya - Mwai Kibaki, President of Kenya (2002–present)
• Lesotho
  • Monarch - Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister - Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1998–present)
• Liberia - Gyude Bryant, Chairman of the Transitional Government of Liberia (2003–present)
• Libya
  • General Secretary - Zentani Muhammad az-Zentani, General Secretary of the General People's Congress (1992–present
  • De facto ruler - Muammar al-Qaddafi, Guide of the Revolution (1969/1979–present)
• Madagascar
  • President - Marc Ravalomanana, President of Madagascar (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jacques Sylla, Prime Minister of Madagascar (2002–present)
• Malawi
  • President -
    1. Bakili Muluzi, President of Malawi (1994–2004)
    2. Bingu wa Mutharika, President of Malawi (2004–present)
• Mali
  • President - Amadou Toumani Touré, President of Mali (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister - Ahmed Mohamed Ag Hamani, Prime Minister of Mali (2002–present)
• Mauritania
  • President - Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, President of Mauritania (1984–present)
  • Prime Minister - Sghaïr Ould M'Bareck, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2003–present)
• Mauritius
  • President - Sir Anerood Jugnauth, President of Mauritius (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister - Paul Bérenger, Prime Minister of Mauritius (2003–present)
• Morocco
  • Monarch - Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Driss Jettou, Prime Minister of Morocco (2002–present)
• Mozambique
  • President - Joaquim Chissano, President of Mozambique (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Pascoal Mocumbi, Prime Minister of Mozambique (1994–2004)
    2. Luisa Diogo, Prime Minister of Mozambique (2004–present)
• Namibia
  • President - Sam Nujoma, President of Namibia (1990–present)
  • Prime Minister - Theo-Ben Gurirab, Prime Minister of Namibia (2002–present)
• Niger
  • President - Tandja Mamadou, President of Niger (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Hama Amadou, Prime Minister of Niger (2000–present)
• Nigeria - Olusegun Obasanjo, President of Nigeria (1999–present)
• Rwanda
  • President - Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Bernard Makuza, Prime Minister of Rwanda (2000–present)
• São Tomé and Príncipe
  • President - Fradique de Menezes, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - Maria das Neves, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (2002–present)
• Senegal
  • President - Abdoulaye Wade, President of Senegal (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Idrissa Seck, Prime Minister of Senegal (2002–2004)
    2. Macky Sall, Prime Minister of Senegal (2004–present)
• Seychelles
  • President
    1. France-Albert René, President of Seychelles (1977–2004)
    2. James Michel, President of Seychelles (2004–present)
• Sierra Leone - Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, President of Sierra Leone (1998–present)
• Somalia
  • Mogadishu Government -
    • President -
      1. Abdiqasim Salad Hassan, President of Somalia (2000–2004)
      2. Abdullahi Yusuf, President of Somalia (2004–present)
    • Prime Minister - Muhammad Abdi Yusuf, Prime Minister of Somalia (2003–present)
  • Republic of Somaliland - Dahir Riyale Kahin, President of Somaliland (2002–present)
• South Africa - Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa (1999–present)
• Sudan - Omar Hasan Ahmad al-Bashir, President of Sudan (1993–present)
• Swaziland -
  • Monarch - Mswati III, King of Swaziland (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister - Themba Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (2003–present)
• Tanzania
  • President - Benjamin Mkapa, President of Tanzania (1995–present)
  • Prime Minister - Frederick Sumaye, Prime Minister of Tanzania (1995–present)
• Togo
  • President - Gnassingbe Eyadema, President of Togo (1967–present)
  • Prime Minister - Koffi Sama, Prime Minister of Togo (2002–present)
• Tunisia
  • President - Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia (1987–present)
  • Prime Minister - Mohamed Ghannouchi, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1999–present)
• Uganda
  • President - Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister - Apolo Nsibambi, Prime Minister of Uganda (1999–present)
• Western Sahara
  • Head of State - Mohammed Abdel Aziz, Head of State of Western Sahara (1982–present)
  • Prime Minister - Abdelkader Taleb Oumar, Prime Minister of Western Sahara (2003–present)
• Zambia - Levy Mwanawasa, President of Zambia (2002–present)
• Zimbabwe - Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987–present)

Asia

• Afghanistan - Hamid Karzai, President and Chairman of the Afghan Transitional Administration (2002–present)
• Bangladesh
  • President - Iajuddin Ahmed, President of Bangladesh (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister - Khaleda Zia, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (2001–present)
• Bhutan
  • King - Jigme Singye Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1972–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Lyonpo Jigme Thinley, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2003–2004)
    2. Lyonpo Yeshey Zimba (2004–present)
• Brunei - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
• Cambodia
  • King -
    1. Norodom Sihanouk, King of Cambodia (1993–2004)
    2. Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1998–present)
• People's Republic of China -
  • Communist Party Leader - Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (2002–present)
  • President - Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China (2003–present)
  • Premier - Wen Jiabao, Premier of the People's Republic of China (2003–present)
  • Hong Kong - Tung Chee Hwa, Chief Executive of Hong Kong (1997–present)
  • Macau - Edmund Ho, Chief Executive of Macau (1999–present)
• East Timor
  • President - Xanana Gusmão, President of East Timor (2002-present)
  • Prime Minister - Marí Alkatiri, Prime Minister of East Timor (2002-present)
• India
  • President - Abdul Kalam, President of India (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Atal Behari Vajpayee, Prime Minister of India (1998–2004)
    2. Manmohan Singh (2004–present)
• Indonesia -
  1. Megawati Sukarnoputri, President of Indonesia (2001–2004)
  2. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President of Indonesia (2004–present)
• Iran
  • Supreme Leader - Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
  • President - Mohammad Khatami, President of Iran (1997–present)
• Japan
  • Emperor - Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989–present)
  • Prime Minister - Junichiro Koizumi, Prime Minister of Japan (2001–present)
• Kazakhstan
  • President - Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of Kazakhstan (1991–present)
  • Prime minister - Daniyal Akhmetov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (2003–present)
• North Korea
  • Dear Leader - Kim Jong-il, Chairman of the National Defense Commission (1993–present)
  • Head of State (de facto) - Kim Yong-nam, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly (1998–present)
  • Premier - Pak Pong-ju, Premier of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2003–present)
• South Korea
  • President - Roh Moo-hyun, President of the Republic of Korea (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Goh Kun, Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea (1998–present)
    2. Lee Hun Jai (acting) May-June 2004
    3. Lee Hai Chan 2004–present
• Kyrgyzstan
  • President - Askar Akayev, President of Kyrgyzstan (1990–present)
  • Prime minister - Nikolay Tanayev, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2002–present)
• Laos
  • President - Khamtai Siphandon, President of Laos (1998–present)
  • Prime Minister - Boungnang Vorachith, Prime Minister of Laos (2001–present)
• Maldives - Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, President of Maldives (1978–present)
• Mongolia
  • President - Natsagiyn Bagabandi, President of Mongolia (1997–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Nambaryn Enkhbayar, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2000–2004)
    2. Tsakhiagiyn Elbegdorj, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2004–present)
• Myanmar
  • Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council - Than Shwe, President of Myanmar (1992–present)
  • Prime minister -
    1. General Khin Nyunt, Prime Minister of Myanmar (2003–2004
    2. Lieutenant-General Soe Win, Prime Minister of Myanmar (2004–present)
• Nepal
  • Monarch - Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, Raja of Nepal (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Surya Bahadur Thapa, Prime Minister of Nepal (2003–2004)
    2. Sher Bahadur Deuba 2004–present
• Pakistan -
  • President - Pervez Musharraf, President of Pakistan (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Zafarullah Khan Jamali, Prime Minister of Pakistan (2002–2004)
    2. Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain (2004–present)
• The Philippines - Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, President of the Philippines (2001–present)
• Singapore
  • President - S. R. Nathan, President of Singapore (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Goh Chok Tong, Prime Minister of Singapore (1990–2004)
    2. Lee Hsien Loong (2004–present)
• Sri Lanka
  • President - Chandrika Kumaratunga, President of Sri Lanka (1994–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Ranil Wickremesinghe, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2001–2004)
    2. Mahinda Rajapakse, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2004–present)
• Taiwan (Republic of China)
  • President - Chen Shui-bian, President of the Republic of China (2000–present)
  • Premier - Yu Shyi-kun, President of the Executive Yuan (2002–present)
• Tajikistan
  • President - Emomali Rahmonov, President of Tajikistan (1992–present)
  • Prime Minister - Akil Akilov, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (1999–present)
• Thailand
  • King - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–present)
  • Prime Minister - Thaksin Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Thailand (2001–present)
• Turkey
  • President - Ahmet Necdet Sezer, President of Turkey (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime Minister of Turkey (2003–present)
• Turkmenistan - Saparmurat Niyazov, Turkmenbashi (1990–present)
• Uzbekistan
  • President - Islam Karimov, President of Uzbekistan (1991–present)
  • Prime minister - Shavkat Mirziyayev, Prime Minister of Uzbekistan (2003–present)
• Vietnam
  • President - Tran Duc Luong, President of Vietnam (1997–present)
  • Prime Minister - Phan Van Khai, Prime Minister of Vietnam (1997–present)

Australia and Oceania

• American Samoa (U.S. territory)
  • Togiola Tulafono, Governor of American Samoa (2003–present)
• Australia
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952–present)
  • Governor-General - Michael Jeffery, Governor-General of Australia (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister - John Howard, Prime Minister of Australia (1996–present)
• Cook Islands (self-governing territory of New Zealand)
  • High Commissioner - Kurt Meyer, High Commissioner of the Cook Islands (2001–present)
  • Queen's Representative - Fred Goodwin, Queen's Representative in the Cook Islands (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - Robert Woonton, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (2002–present)
• Fiji
  • President - Ratu Josefa Iloilo, President of Fiji (13 July, 2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Laisenia Qarase, Prime Minister of Fiji (16 March, 2001–present)
• French Polynesia (French Overseas Territory)
  • High Commissioner - Michel Mathieu, High Commissioner of French Polynesia (2001–present)
  • President of the Government -
    1. Gaston Flosse, President of the Government of French Polynesia (1991–2004, President of French Polynesia 2004–2004)
    2. Oscar Temaru (2004–present)
• Kiribati - Anote Tong, President of Kiribati (2003–present)
• Marshall Islands - Kessai Note, President of the Marshall Islands (2000–present)
• Federated States of Micronesia - Joseph Urusemal, President of the Federated States of Micronesia (2003–present)
• Nauru
  • President -
    1. René Harris, President of Nauru (2003–2004)
    2. Ludwig Scotty (2004–present)
• New Caledonia (French Overseas Collectivity)
  • High Commissioner - Daniel Constantin, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2002–present)
  • President of the Government - Pierre Frogier, President of the Government of New Caledonia (2001–present)
• New Zealand
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952–present)
  • Governor-General - Dame Silvia Cartwright, Governor-General of New Zealand (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - Helen Clark, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1999–present)
• Niue (associated state of New Zealand)
  • Resident Commissioner - Sandra Lee, Resident Commissioner of Niue (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister - Young Vivian, Prime Minister of Niue (2002–present)
• Northern Mariana Islands (Commonwealth of the U.S.)
  • Governor - Juan Babauta, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (2002–present)
• Palau - Tommy Remengesau, President of Palau (2001–present)
• Papua New Guinea
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975–present)
  • Governor-General -
    1. Bill Skate, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (acting) (2003-2004)
    2. Jeffery Nape (acting) (May-June)(2004)
    3. Sir Paulias Matane (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Sir Michael Somare, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (2002–present)
• Pitcairn Islands (overseas territory of the United Kingdom)
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Pitcairn Islands (1952–present)
  • Governor - Richard Fell, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (2001–present)
  • Commissioner - Leslie Jacques, Commissioner of the Pitcairn Islands (2003–present)
  • Mayor -
    1. Steve Christian, Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (1999–2004)
    2. Brenda Christian, Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (2004–present)
• Samoa
  • Monarch - Malietoa Tanumafili II, Head of State of Samoa (1963–present)
  • Prime Minister - Tuila'epa Sailele Malielegaoi, Prime Minister of Samoa (1998–present)
• Solomon Islands
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Solomon Islands (1978–present)
  • Governor-General -
    1. Sir John Lapli, Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (1999-2004)
    2. Nathaniel Waena (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Sir Allan Kemakeza, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (2001–present)
• Tokelau (territory of New Zealand)
  • Administrator - Neil Walter, Administrator of Tokelau (2003–present)
  • Head of Government - Kolouei O'Brien, Head of Government of Tokelau (2003–2004)
• Tonga
  • Monarch - Taufa'ahau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965–present)
  • Prime Minister - Prince Lavaka Ata 'Ulukalala, Prime Minister of Tonga (2000–present)
• Tuvalu
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978–present)
  • Governor-General - Faimalaga Luka, Governor-General of Tuvalu (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister - Saufatu Sopoanga, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (2002–present)
• Vanuatu
  • President -
    1. John Bani, President of Vanuatu (1999–2004)
    2. Roger Abiut (acting) (March-April 2004)
    3. Alfred Maseng, President of Vanuatu (April-May 2004)
    4. Roger Abiut (acting) (May-July 2004)
    5. Josias Moli (acting) (July-August 2004)
    6. Kalkot Mataskelekele (August 2004–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Edward Natapei, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2001–2004)
    2. Serge Vohor, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2004–present)
• Wallis and Futuna (French overseas territory to 28 March, then French overseas collectivity)
  • Administrator-Superior - Christian Job, Administrator-Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2002–present)

Europe

• Albania
  • President - Alfred Moisiu, President of Albania (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister - Fatos Nano, Prime Minister of Albania (2002–present)
• Andorra
  • Co-Princes
    • French Co-Prince - Jacques Chirac, President of France (1995–present)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Bishop of Urgell (2003–present)
  • Head of the Government - Marc Forné (1994–present)
  • General Syndic - Francesc Areny Casal (1997–present)
• Armenia
  • President - Robert Kocharyan, President of Armenia (1998–present)
  • Prime Minister - Andranik Markaryan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2000–present)
• Austria
  • President -
    1. Thomas Klestil, Federal President of Austria (1992–2004)
    2. Heinz Fischer, Federal President of Austria (2004–present), elected April 25, sworn in July 8
  • Chancellor - Wolfgang Schüssel, Chancellor of Austria (2000–present)
• Azerbaijan
  • President - Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister - Artur Rasizade, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
  • Nagorno Karabakh
    • President - Arkady Ghukasian, President of Nagorno Karabakh (1997–present)
    • Prime Minister - Anushevan Danielian, Prime Minister of Nagorno Karabakh (2002–present)
• Belarus
  • President - Aleksandr Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
  • Prime Minister - Sergey Sidorsky, Prime Minister of Belarus (2003–present)
• Belgium
  • King - Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–present)
  • Prime Minister - Guy Verhofstadt, Prime Minister of Belgium (1999–present)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Presidency
    • Borislav Paravac (2003–present)
    • Sulejman Tihic (2002–present)
    • Dragan Covic (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister - Adnan Terzic, Prime Minister of Bosnia-Hercegovina (2003–present)
  • High Representative - Paddy Ashdown (2002–present)
  • Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • President - Niko Lozancić, President of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2003–present)
    • Prime Minister - Ahmet Hadzipasić, Prime Minister of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2003–present)
  • Republika Srpska
    • President - Dragan Cavić, President of the Republika Srpska (2002–present)
    • Prime minister - Dragan Mikerević, Prime Minister of the Republika Srpska (2003–present)
• Bulgaria
  • President - Georgi Purvanov, President of Bulgaria (2002–present)
  • Premier - Simeon Sakskoburggotski, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (2001–present)
• Croatia
  • President - Stjepan Mesić, President of Croatia (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Ivo Sanader, Prime Minister of Croatia (2003–present)
• Czech Republic
  • President - Václav Klaus, President of the Czech Republic (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Vladimír Špidla, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2002–2004)
    2. Stanislav Gross, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2004–present)
• Cyprus
  • President - Tassos Papadopoulos, President of Cyprus (2003–present)
  • Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
    • President - Rauf Denktash, President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (1976–present)
    • Prime Minister - Mehmet Ali Talat, Prime Minister of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (2004–present)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
  • Prime Minister - Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (2001–present)
  • Faroe Islands:
    1. Anfinn Kallsberg, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (1998–2004)
    2. Jóannes Eidesgaard, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (2004–present)
  • Greenland: Hans Enoksen, Prime Minister of Greenland (2002–present)
• Estonia
  • President - Arnold Rüütel, President of Estonia (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - Juhan Parts, Prime Minister of Estonia (2003–present)
• Finland
  • President - Tarja Halonen, President of Finland (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland (2003–present)
  • Aland - Roger Nordlund, Prime Minister of Aland (1999–present)
• France
  • President - Jacques Chirac, President of France (1995–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jean-Pierre Raffarin, Prime Minister of France (2002–present)
• Germany
  • President -
    1. Johannes Rau, President of Germany (1999–2004)
    2. Horst Köhler, President of Germany (2004–present)
  • Chancellor - Gerhard Schröder, Chancellor of Germany (1998–present)
• Georgia
  • President -
    1. Nino Burjanadze, Acting President of Georgia (2003–2004)
    2. Mikhail Saakashvili, President of Georgia (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Zurab Zhvania, Prime Minister of Georgia (2004–present; Minister of State 2003–2004)
  • Abkhazia
    • President - Vladislav Ardzinba, President of Abkhazia (1994–present)
    • Prime Minister - Raul Khajimba, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2003–present)
• Greece
  • President - Kostis Stephanopoulos, President of Greece (1995–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Costas Simitis, Prime Minister of Greece (1996- March 10, 2004)
    2. Costas Caramanlis, Prime Minister of Greece (March 10, 2004–present)
• Hungary
  • President - Ferenc Mádl, President of Hungary (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Péter Medgyessy, Prime Minister of Hungary (2002–2004)
    2. Ferenc Gyurcsány, Prime Minister of Hungary (2004–present)
• Iceland
  • President - Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of Iceland (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Davíð Oddsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1991–September 15, 2004)
    2. Halldór Ásgrímsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (September 15, 2004–present)
• Ireland
  • President - Mary McAleese, President of Ireland (1997–present)
  • Prime Minister - Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach (1997–present)
• Isle of Man
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Lord of Man (1952–present)
  • Lieutenant-Governor - Ian McFayden, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (2000–present)
  • Chief minister - Richard Corkill, Chief Minister of Man (2001–present)
• Italy
  • President - Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of Italy (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Silvio Berlusconi, Prime Minister of Italy (2001–present)
• Latvia
  • President - Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga, President of Latvia (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Einārs Repše, Prime Minister of Latvia (2002–2004)
    2. Indulis Emsis, Prime Minister of Latvia (2004–present)
• Liechtenstein
  • Prince - Hans Adam II, Sovereign Prince of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
  • Head of Government - Otmar Hasler, Head of Government (2001–present)
• Lithuania
  • President -
    1. Rolandas Paksas, President of Lithuania (2003–2004)
    2. Valdas Adamkus, President of Lithuania (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Algirdas Brazauskas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2001–present)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch - Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995–present)
• Macedonia
  • Presidents -
    1. Boris Trajkovski (2003-2004)
    2. Ljupco Jordanovski (acting) (February-May 2004)
    3. Branko Crvenkovski (2004–present)
  • Prime Ministers -
    1. Branko Crvenkovski (2002-2004)
    2. Hari Kostov (2004–present)
• Malta
  • President -
    1. Guido de Marco, President of Malta (1999–2004)
    2. Eddie Fenech Adami, President of Malta (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Eddie Fenech Adami, Prime Minister of Malta (1998–2004)
    2. Lawrence Gonzi, Prime Minister of Malta (2004–present)
• Moldova
  • President - Vladimir Voronin, President of Moldova (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - Vasile Tarlev, Prime Minister of Moldova (2001–present)
  • Transnistria - Igor Smirnov, President of Transnistria (1991–present)
• Monaco
  • Prince - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949–present)
  • Minister of State - Patrick Leclercq, Minister of State of Monaco (2000–present)
• The Netherlands
  • Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jan Peter Balkenende, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2002–present)
• Norway
  • Monarch - Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
  • Prime Minister - Kjell Magne Bondevik, Prime Minister of Norway (2001–present)
• Poland
  • President - Aleksander Kwaśniewski, President of the Republic of Poland (1995–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Leszek Miller, Prime Minister of Poland (2001–2004)
    2. Marek Belka, Prime Minister of Poland (2004–present)
• Portugal
  • President - Jorge Sampaio, President of Portugal (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. José Manuel Durão Barroso, Prime Minister of Portugal (2002–2004)
    2. Pedro Santana Lopes, Prime Minister of Portugal (2004–present)
• Romania
  • President -
    1. Ion Iliescu, President of Romania (2000–2004)
    2. Traian Băsescu, President of Romania (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Adrian Năstase, Prime Minister of Romania (2000–2004)
    2. Eugen Bejinariu, Prime Minister of Romania (interim; 2004–present)
• Russia
  • President - Vladimir Putin, President of Russia (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Mikhail Kasyanov, Prime Minister of Russia (2000–2004)
    2. Mikhail Fradkov, Prime Minister of Russia (2004–present)
• San Marino
  • Captains Regent -
    1. Giovanni Lonfernini and Valeria Ciavatta (semester ending 31 March)
    2. Paolo Bollini and Marino Riccardi (semester April-September)
    3. Giuseppe Arzilli and Roberto Raschi (1 October - present)
• Serbia and Montenegro
  • Serbia and Montenegro - Svetozar Marović, President of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–present)
    • Serbia
      • President - Boris Tadić President of Serbia (2004–present)
        • Nataša Mičić, Dragan Maršičanin, Predrag Marković-interim presidents
      • Prime Minister - Vojislav Koštunica, Prime Minister of Serbia (2004–present)
      • Kosovo
        • President - Ibrahim Rugova, President of Kosovo (2002–present)
        • Prime Minister - Bajram Rexhepi, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2002–present)
        • UN Administrator - Søren Jessen-Petersen, UN Administrator to Kosovo (2004–present)
    • Montenegro
      • President - Filip Vujanović, President of Montenegro (2002–presemt)
      • Prime Minister - Milo Đukanović, Prime Minister of Montenegro (2003–present)
• Slovakia
  • President -
    1. Rudolf Schuster, President of Slovakia (1999–2004)
    2. Ivan Gašparovič, President of Slovakia (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Mikuláš Dzurinda, Prime Minister of Slovakia (1998–present)
• Slovenia
  • President - Janez Drnovšek, President of Slovenia (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister - Anton Rop, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2002–present)
• Spain
  • Monarch - Juan Carlos, King of Spain (1975–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. José María Aznar, President of the Government (1996–2004)
    2. José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, President of the Government (2004–present)
  • Basque Country - Juan José Ibarretxe Markuartu, Basque President (1999–present)
  • Catalonia - Pasqual Maragall i Mira, President of Catalonia (2003–present)
• Sweden
  • Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
  • Prime Minister - Göran Persson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1996–present)
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Federal Council - Moritz Leuenberger, Pascal Couchepin, Joseph Deiss, Samuel Schmid, Micheline Calmy-Rey, Christoph Blocher, Hans-Rudolf Merz
• Ukraine
  • President - Leonid Kuchma, President of Ukraine (1994–present)
  • Prime Minister - Viktor Yanukovych, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2002–present)
• United Kingdom
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1952–present)
  • Prime Minister - Tony Blair, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1997–present)
  • Scotland - Jack McConnell, First Minister of Scotland (2001–present)
  • Wales - Rhodri Morgan, First Minister of Wales (2000–present)
  • Gibraltar
    • Governor - sir Francis Richards, Governor of Gibraltar (2003–present)
    • Chief Minister - Peter Caruana, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1996–present)
• Vatican City
  • Pope - John Paul II, Bishop of Rome (1978–present)
  • Secretary of State - Angelo Cardinal Sodano, Cardinal Secretary of State (1990–present)

Middle East

• Bahrain
  • King -