The Malatestiana Library, was the first Italian civic library, i.e. belonging to the Commune and open to everybody. It was commissioned by the Lord of Cesena, Malatesta Novello. The works were directed by Matteo Nuti from Fano (a scholar of Leon Battista Alberti) and lasted from 1447 to 1452.

The Malatestiana Library is the only one in the world, of the type called humanistic-conventual, which has preserved structure, fittings and codexes since its opening for more than 550 years. The first portal was realized by Agostino di Duccio (1418-1481). The wonderful walnut door dates back to 1454 and was engraved by Cristoforo da S. Giovanni in Persiceto.

Inside, the library shows its geometricity, typical of Italian first finest Renaissance. The aula has basilical shape (“temple of culture”), with three naves which are divided by ten rows of white, local stone columns; the campates are eleven for each aisle, pole vaulted. The central nave is barrel vaulted and ends with a rose under which is the gravestone of Novello Malatesta.

The fittings is composed by 58 desks or pluteus, with coat of arms at the sides. The light comes in through the 44 Venetian style windows, which were perfectly studied for the reading. Inside are conserved 340 precious codexes. The 340 books concern: religion (among them, the oldest codex, an Etimologie by St Isidoro), Greek and Latin classics, sciences and medicine.