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In the fictional Star Trek universe, the Maquis were a resistance movement made mostly of humans that refused to give up the planets that they lived on after they were ceded to the Cardassians as part of the treaty to end the war between the Federation and the Cardassians. They are a loose parallel to the Israeli-Palestian Conflict and commit terrorist or revolutionary acts against the Cardassians (the Maquis usually avoided attacking Federation ships directly, preferring to warn them to get out of the way). The Maquis were almost entirely wiped out by the Dominion. Exceptions were the Maquis who had joined the crew of the USS Voyager, and a few members of the movement who had been captured and were in Federation prisons. Benjamin Sisko believed there may have been a few other survivors who were biding their time, waiting for the right moment to strike.
Critics feel that the Maquis was a cheap concept, which took the custom of Star Trek having political parallels too far.
In the novelization of the last episodes of Voyager, it was revealed that some former Maquis had accepted a Federation amnesty offer to rejoin them and fight against the Dominion. This obviously is not canon, but gives an interesting view of the final fate of the Maquis.
The Star Trek Maquis were likely named for the French Resistance group who countered the Nazi occupation (see Maquis (WW2)). A later Voyager episode The Killing Game, set in World War II France and features the French resistance prominently.
Alternately, the group may have been named for the 18th century Corsican democracy movement (see Maquis (Corsica)).
Notable members of the Maquis include:
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