Mary Noailles Murfree (January 24, 1850 - July 31, 1922) was an American fiction writer of novels and short stories who wrote under the pen name "Charles Egbert Craddock".

Mary Noailles Murfree was born near Murfreesboro, Tennessee, January 24, 1850, in the house later celebrated in her novel, Where the Battle was Fought and in the town named after her great-grandfather, Colonel Hardy Murfree. Her father was a successful lawyer of Nashville; her youth was spent in Murfreesboro and Nashville. From 1867-1869 she attended the Chegary Institute, a finishing school in Philadelphia. For a number of years after the Civil War the Murfree family lived in St. Louis, returning in 1890 to Murfreesboro, where she lived until her death July 31, 1922.

Being lame from childhood, she turned to reading the novels of Walter Scott and George Eliot. For fifteen successive summers the family stayed in Beersheeba Springs the Cumberland Mountains of East Tennessee, giving her the opportunity to study the mountaineer closely.

In the 1870's she had begun writing stories for Appleton's Journal under the penname of "Charles Egbert Craddock" and by 1878 she was contributing to the Atlantic Monthly. It was not until 7 years later, in May, 1885, that Mary Noailles Murfree divulged that she was Charles Egbert Craddock to Thomas Bailey Aldrich, an editor at the Atlantic Monthly.

She has been favorably compared to Bret Harte and Sarah Orne Jewett, creating post-Civil War American local-color literature. She is considered by many to be Appalachia's first significant female writer and her work a necessity for the study of Appalachian literature.

Works

Fiction

• In the Tennessee Mountains (1884) (eight stories on the life and character of the Tennessee mountaineer)
• Where the Battle Was Fought (1884)
• Down the Ravine (1885)
• The Prophet of the Great Smokey Mountains (1885)
• In the Clouds (1886)
• The Despot of Broomsedge Cove (1888)
• The Story of Keedon Bluffs (1887)
• Abner Holden's Bound Boy (1890)
• In the "Stranger People's" Country (1891)
• His Vanished Star (1894)
• The Juggler (1897)
• The Story of Old Fort Loudon (1898)
• The Champion (1902)
• A Spectre of Power (1903)
• The Frontiersmen (1904) (e-book (http://www.gutenberg.org/1/3/7/2/13724/13724-h/13724-h.htm) at Project Gutenberg)
• The Storm Centre (1905)
• The Amulet (1906)
• The Windfall (1907)
• The Fair Mississippian (1908)
• The Ordeal: A Mountain Romance of Tennessee (1912)
• The Story of Duciehurst: A Tale of the Mississippi (1914)

Short Fiction

• The Phantoms of the Foot-Bridge and Other Stories (1895)
• The Mystery of Witch-Face Mountain and Other Stories (1895)
• The Young Mountaineers (1897)
• The Bushwhackers and Other Stories (1899)
• Civil War Stories (contributor, 1900)
• The Raid of the Guerilla and Other Stories (1912)