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This article concerns the Military of Malaysia The Malaysian military consists of three branches, the Royal Malaysian Navy, the Royal Malaysian Army and the Royal Malaysian Air Force.
HistoryArmyInfantry The first formation of military force can be traced to The Malay States Volunteer Rifles which existed from 1915-1936. The birth of Royal Malayan Army started when the Federal Council of Federated Malay States eventually passed the Malay Regiment Bill on 23 January 1933. This allowed the initial recruitment of 25 males for First Experimental Malay Company on 1 March 1933. Major G. McI. S. Bruce of the Lincolnshire Regiment was the first Commanding Officer. By 1st January 1935, the Experimental Company became The Malay Regiment with a complement of 150 men. A new batalion was formed on 1 Jan 1938 with the second batalion on 1 Dec 1941. The 1st Malay Regiment was famous for its defence of Opium Hill or Bukit Chandu. The ‘Battle of Opium Hill’ on 14 Feruary 1942 involves 42 soldiers commanded by Lt. Adnan Saidi defending their position against the attack from the 18th Division of the Japanese Imperial Army under Lt.Gen. Renya Mutaguchi. After World War II, the number of batalions was increased to 7 in the early 50's Armour The first Armoured Regiment was formed on 1 September 1952. The name undergoes a few transformation from Federation Reconnaissance Corps on 16 September 1967, Royal Malaysian Recon Corp in May 1979 to Royal Calvary Corp in December 1979 to finally to Royal Armoured Corp on 8 December 1986. NavyMissing image The Royal Malaysian Navy originated from the Straits Settlement Volunteer Reserve Force formed on 27 April 1934 in Singapore. The formation of a Penang branch in 1938 saw its expansion. When Second World War broke out in 1939, the British strengthen its Naval Force in Southeast Asia by forming a unit was called the "Malay Section of The Royal Navy" to protect the security of Singapore and Federation of Malaya. This unit which consisted of 400 men underwent training at a training camp HMMS PELANDOK, a British Naval Base in Singapore. Expansion saw the unit increase to 1450 men during World War II. Due to shortage of funds, the British disbanded the force after World War II in April 1947. The Malayan Naval Forces was again created in 1948 in response to the Emergency with the loan of one landing ship and five fast surface launches from the Royal Navy. In l953 HRH Queen Elizabeth awarded the Royal status to become The Royal Malayan Navy. The first vessel was a minesweeper called HMS 'Penyu' or Tortoise. After independence, it was transferred from Singapore on 12 July 1958 as an independent sovereign navy. On 16 September 1963 it was renamed Royal Malaysian Navy in accordance to the formation of Malaysia.
Royal_Malaysian_Navy_crest.gif Royal Malaysian Navy Crest Air ForceMissing image It was created in 1936 as Malayan Auxiliary Air Force, disbanded after World War II, reactivated in 1950. The passing of Air Force Ordinance by the Parliament on 2 June 1958 saw the creation of Royal Malayan Air Force. The first adviser was seconded from the Royal Air Force(RAF), Air Commodore A.V.R Johnstsone who became the first Chief of the Royal Malayan Air Force (RMAF). The proud few who formed the RMAF were Flying Officer Lim Heng Lip, Sergeant Subramanian, Corporal Othman Mohd Ismail, Corporal Wan Said, Corporal JD Parsley, Corporal Mahadeven, Senior Aircraftman (SAC) Surindam, SAC Md Noor, SAC Zainal, SAC Mohd Hussain and Junior Technician (JT) Ismail Ariffin.The first aircraft acquired for No 1 Squadron was Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer which served RMAF for 12 years. It was named 'Lang Rajawali' by Tunku Abdul Rahman the first Prime Minister . With the formation of Malaysia on September 16th, 1963, the name of the force was changed to "Tentera Udara Diraja Malaysia" or Royal Malaysian Air Force".
RoyalMalaysian_Airforce_crest.gif Royal Malaysian Airforce crest
Theater of operationsMajority of theatre of operation were within the Malaysian borders to fight Communist Insurgency during the Emergency. The only foreign attack on Malaysian soil in modern times were World War II by the Japanese (Malaya was technically a British colony) and Indonesia during the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation of 'Ganyang Malaysia' initiated by President Sukarno. Operations on foreign soil were mostly peacekeeping under the auspices of the United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UNPKO).
Other limited participation under UNPKO are United Nations International Police Force (UNIPTF) since December 1995; United Nations Mission di Kosovo (UNMIK) since Jun 1999; United Nations Observer Mission di Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) since October 1999; United Nations Transitional Administration di East Timur (UNTAET) since September 1999 and United Nations Organisation Mission in Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) since February 2000. Perpective from a military personnel in The Liason (http://coe-dmha.org/Liaison/Vol_3No_1/Feat04.htm) 18 Malaysian Armed Forces personnel have been killed during UN peacekeeping operations. Current developmentsIn the early 1990s, Malaysia undertook a major program to expand and modernize its armed forces. This included procurement of F/A-18D Hornet and C-130 Hercules aircrafts from the United States. Malaysia was also the first country in the world to have purchased warplanes from both sides of the cold war, when she also acquired MiG-29N Fulcrum from the USSR. However, budgetary constraints imposed by the 1997 financial crisis slowed military procurement. The recent economic recovery may lead to relaxation of budgetary constraints on the resumption of major weapons purchases. In October 2000 the Defense Minister announced a review of national defense and security policy to bring it up to date. This review will address new security threats that have emerged in the form of low intensity conflicts, such as the kidnapping of Malaysians and foreigners from resort islands located off the East Malaysian state of Sabah. Current procurements for the air force include 18 Su-30MKM with a possible additional 10, Augusta Westland A109 light helicopters for the army while AEW&C platforms are being evaluated. No recent news on the offer of Super Hornets by the US. The army is getting 48 Twardy PT-91 main battle tanks from Poland. Last major procurement was the Astros MRLS from Brazil. The Royal Malaysian Navy placed a contract for 2 [Scorpene (http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/scorpene/)] attack submarines in June 2002, and are expected to enter service in 2008. 27 Meko 100 new generation patrol vessels are in delivery. In early 2004, the Ministry of Defense initiated compulsory National Service. Malaysian National Service is compulsory for both male and female citizens, aged 17. Military branches: Malaysian Army, Royal Malaysian Navy, Royal Malaysian Air Force Military manpower - military age: 17 years of age Military manpower - availability:
Military manpower - fit for military service:
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
Military expenditures - dollar figure: $1.69 billion (FY00 est.) Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 2.03% (FY00) Additional Information and LinksExternal Link
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