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The Motorola 683XX aka CPU32 is a family of compatible microcontrollers that use a Motorola 68000 CPU core. The family was designed using software that compiles a computer language into hardware.
The submodules of the microcontroller were designed independently and released as new CPUs could be tested. This process let the architects perform "design-ahead" so that when silicon technlogies were available, Motorola had designs ready to implement and go to market.
The microcontrollers consist of a series of parts, connected by an internal bus:
- The CPU core, designed to minimize transistors while maximizing performance. The CPU has a high-speed clocked serial debugger interface called "background debug mode." The 683XX-series was the first to have a clocked serial interface to the CPU to perform debugging. Now, many CPUs use a standard serial test interface for this purpose.
- The SIM (System Interface Module), which eliminates much "glue logic" by decoding addresses into control signals. It also provides a clock generator, watchdogs for various system operations, access to most processor pins as parallel ports, and a periodic timer. It also provides an interrupt controller.
- The Timing Processor Unit (TPU), which performs almost any timing related task: timers, counters, proportional pulse width control, pulse width measurement, pulse generation, stepper motor controllers, quadrature detection, etc.
Optional extra facilities are:
- An auxiliary RAM doubles as a programmable microcontroller store for the TPU, and Motorola gives the development system and code away for free.
- Some earlier models have two conventional counter-timers.
- Some models have a network interface processor.
- Most models has a "serial peripheral interface", a clocked serial interface that can rapidly load bits into an external device.
- Most models have a serial UART.
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