The Nanchang Uprising (南昌起义)(August 1, 1927) was the first major Kuomintang-Communist engagement of the Chinese Civil War.

Troops of the Kuomintang in Nanchang rebelled under the leadership of Zhu De and Zhou Enlai attempting to seize control of the city after the end of the first Kuomintang-Communist alliance.

Communist forces under Zhu De were defeated, withdrawing to the Jinggang Mountains of western Jiangxi.