National Book Awards - Definition and Overview

National Book Awards are annual literary awards presented since 1950 for the best American book published in the preceding year, presently in each of four categories: fiction, nonfiction, poetry, and young people's literature. Over the years awards in several categories have been retired or subsumed into supercategories. To be eligible for entry, a book must be published in the United States and the author must be a living U.S. citizen. The winners, selected by five-member, independent judging panels for each genre, receive a $10,000 cash award and a crystal sculpture.

National Book Award Winners

Fiction

1950	Nelson Algren	The Man With The Golden Arm
1951	William Faulkner	The Collected Stories of William Faulkner
1952	James Jones	From Here to Eternity
1953	Ralph Ellison	Invisible Man
1954	Saul Bellow	The Adventures of Augie March
1955	William Faulkner	A Fable
1956	John O'Hara	Ten North Frederick
1957	Wright Morris	The Field of Vision
1958	John Cheever	The Wapshot Chronicle
1959	Bernard Malamud	The Magic Barre
1960	Philip Roth	Goodbye, Columbus
1961	Conrad Richter	The Waters of Kronos
1962	Walker Percy	The Moviegoer
1963	J. F. Powers	Morte D'Urban
1964	John Updike	The Centaur
1965	Saul Bellow	Herzog
1966	Katherine Anne Porter	The Collected Stories of Katherine Anne Porter
1967	Bernard Malamud	The Fixer
1968	Thornton Wilder	The Eighth Day
1969	Jerzy Kosinski	Steps
1970	Joyce Carol Oates	Them
1971	Saul Bellow	Mr. Sammler's Planet
1972	Flannery O'Connor	The Complete Stories of Flannery O'Connor
1973	John Barth	Chimera
1973	John Williams	Augustus
1974	Thomas Pynchon	Gravity's Rainbow
1974	Isaac Bashevis Singer	A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories
1975	Robert Stone	Dog Soldiers
1975	Thomas Williams	The Hair of Harold Roux
1976	William Gaddis	Jr
1977	Wallace Stegner	The Spectator Bird
1978	Mary Lee Settle	Blood Ties
1979	Tim O'Brien	Going After Cacciato
1980 Hardcover	William Styron	Sophie's Choice
1980 Paperback	John Irving	The World According to Garp
1981 Hardcover	Wright Morris	Plains Song
1981 Paperback	John Cheever	The Stories of John Cheever
1982 Hardcover	John Updike	Rabbit is Rich
1982 Paperback	William Maxwell	So Long, See You Tomorrow
1983 Hardcover	Alice Walker	The Color Purple
1983 Paperback	Eudora Welty	Collected Stories of Eudora Welty
1984	Ellen Gilchrist
1985	Don DeLillo	White Noise
1986	E.L. Doctorow	World's Fair
1987	Larry Heinemann	Paco's Story
1988	Pete Dexter	Paris Trout
1989	John Casey	Spartina
1990	Charles Johnson	Middle Passage
1991	Norman Rush	Mating
1992	Cormac McCarthy	All the Pretty Horses
1993	E. Annie Proulx	The Shipping News
1994	William Gaddis	A Frolic of His Own
1995	Philip Roth	Sabbath's Theater
1996	Andrea Barrett	Ship Fever and Other Stories
1997	Charles Frazier	Cold Mountain
1998	Alice McDermott	Charming Billy
1999	Ha Jin	Waiting
2000	Susan Sontag	In America
2001	Jonathan Franzen	The Corrections
2002	Julia Glass	Three Junes
2003	Shirley Hazzard	The Great Fire
2004	Lily Tuck	The News from Paraguay

First Novel

1980	William Wharton	Birdy
1981	Ann Arensberg	Sister Wolf
1982	Robb Forman Dew	Dale Loves Sophie to Death
1983	Gloria Naylor	The Women of Brewster Place

First Work of Fiction

1984	Harriet Doerr	Stones for Ibarra
1985	Bob Shacochis	Easy in the Islands

Science Fiction

1980 Hardcover	Frederik Pohl	Jem
1980 Paperback	Walter Wangerin, Jr.	The Book of the Dun Cow

Mystery

1980 Hardcover

John D. MacDonald

The Green Ripper

Western

1980

Louis L'Amour

Bendigo Shafter

Original Paperback

1983

Lisa Goldstein

The Red Magician

Nonfiction

1950	Ralph L. Rusk	Ralph Waldo Emerson
1951	Newton Arvin	Herman Melville
1952	Rachel Carson	The Sea Around Us
1953	Bernard A. De Voto	The Course of Empire
1954	Bruce Catton	A Stillness at Appomattox
1955	Joseph Wood Krutch	The Measure of Man
1956	Herbert Kubly	An American in Italy
1957	George F. Kennan	Russia Leaves the War
1958	Catherine Drinker Bowen	The Lion and the Throne
1959	J. Christopher Herold
1960	Richard Ellmann	James Joyce
1961	William L. Shirer	The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich
1962	Lewis Mumford
1963	Leon Edel
1984	Robert V. Remini	Andrew Jackson & the Course of American Democracy, 1833-1845
1985	J. Anthony Lukas
1986	Barry Lopez	Arctic Dreams
1987	Richard Rhodes	The Making of the Atom Bomb
1988	Neil Sheehan
1989	Thomas L. Friedman	From Beirut to Jerusalem
1990	Ron Chernow
1991	Orlando Patterson	Freedom
1992	Paul Monette
1993	Gore Vidal
1994	Sherwin B. Nuland
1995	Tina Rosenberg
1996	James Carroll
1997	Joseph J. Ellis
1998	Edward Ball	Slaves in the Family
1999	John W. Dower
2000	Nathaniel Philbrick
2001	Andrew Solomon
2002	Robert A. Caro	Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson
2003	Carlos Eire
2004	Kevin Boyle

General Nonfiction

1980 Hardcover	Tom Wolfe	The Right Stuff
1980 Paperback	Peter Matthiessen	The Snow Leopard
1981 Hardcover	Maxine Hong Kingston	China Men
1981 Paperback	Jane Kramer	The Last Cowboy
1982 Hardcover	Tracy Kidder	The Soul of a New Machine
1982 Paperback	Victor S. Navasky	Naming Names
1983 Hardcover	Fox Butterfield
1983 Paperback	James Fallows	National Defense

Arts and Letters

1964	Aileen Ward
1965	Eleanor Clark	Oysters of Lockmariaquer
1966	Janet Flanner	Paris Journal, 1944-1965
1967	Justin Kaplan
1968	William Troy	Selected Essays
1969	Norman Mailer
1970	Lillian Hellman
1971	Francis Steegmuller
1972	Charles Rosen
1973	Arthur M. Wilson	Diderot
1974	Pauline Kael	Deeper into the Movies
1975	Roger Shattuck	Marcel Proust
1975	Lewis Thomas	(also won The Sciences award)
1976	Paul Fussell	The Great War and Modern Memory

History and Biography

1964	William H. McNeill
1965	Louis Fischer	The Life of Lenin
1966	Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.	A Thousand Days
1967	Peter Gay
1968	George F. Kennan
1969	Winthrop D. Jordan
1970	T. Harry Williams	Huey Long
1971	James MacGregor Burns
1976	David Brion Davis	The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Revolution, 1770-1823

History

1972	Allan Nevins
1973	Robert Manson Myers	The Children of Pride Isaiah Trunk
1973	Isaiah Trunk	Judenrat
1974	John Clive	(also won Biography award)
1975	Bernard Bailyn	The Ordeal of Thomas Hutchinson
1977	Irving Howe	World of Our Fathers
1978	David McCullough
1979	Richard Beale Davis	Intellectual Life in the Colonial South, 1585-1763
1980 Hardcover	Henry A. Kissinger	The White House
1980 Paperback	Barbara W. Tuchman
1981 Hardcover	John Boswell	Christianity, Social Tolerance and Homosexuality
1981 Paperback	Leon F. Litwak
1982 Hardcover	Father Peter John Powell
1982 Paperback	Robert Wohl	The Generation of 1914
1983 Hardcover	Alan Brinkley
1983 Paperback	Frank E. Manuel & Fritzie P. Manuel	Utopian Thought in the Western World

Biography

1972	Joseph P. Lash
1973	James Thomas Flexner
1974	John Clive	(also won History award)
1974	Douglas Day
1975	Richard B. Sewall	The Life of Emily Dickinson
1980 Hardcover	Edmund Morris	The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt
1980 Paperback	A. Scott Berg

Biography and Autobiography

1977	W. A. Swanberg
1978	W. Jackson Bate	Samuel Johnson
1979	Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.	Robert Kennedy and His Times

Autobiography

1980 Hardcover	Lauren Bacall	Lauren Bacall by Myself
1980 Paperback	Malcolm Cowley

Autobiography/Biography

1981 Hardcover	Justin Kaplan	Walt Whitman
1981 Paperback	Deirdre Bair	Samuel Beckett
1982 Hardcover	David McCullough	Mornings on Horseback
1982 Paperback	Ronald Steel	Walter Lippmann and the American Century
1983 Hardcover	Judith Thurman
1983 Paperback	James R. Mellow	Nathaniel Hawthorne in His Time

Science, Philosophy and Religion

1964	Christopher Tunnard & Boris Pushkarev	Man-made America
1965	Norbert Wiener	God and Golem, Inc: A Comment on Certain Points where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion
1967	Oscar Lewis	La Vida
1968	Jonathan Kozol	Death at an Early Age

The Sciences

1969	Robert J. Lifton
1971	Raymond Phineas Sterns	Science in the British Colonies of America
1972	George L. Small	The Blue Whale
1973	George B. Schaller
1974	S. E. Luria
1975	Silvano Arieti	Interpretation of Schizophrenia
1975	Lewis Thomas	(also won Arts and Letters award)

Science

1980 Hardcover	Douglas Hofstadter
1980 Paperback	Gary Zukav
1981 Hardcover	Stephen Jay Gould
1981 Paperback	Lewis Thomas	The Medusa and the Snail
1982 Hardcover	Donald C. Johanson & Maitland A. Edey
1982 Paperback	Fred Alan Wolf
1983 Hardcover	Abraham Pais
1983 Paperback	Philip J. Davis & Reuben Hersh	The Mathematical Experience
1983 Paperback	Joyce Carol Thomas	Marked by Fire

Philosophy and Religion

1970	Erik H. Erikson
1972	Martin E. Marty
1973	S. E. Ahlstrom	A Religious History of the American People
1974	Maurice Natanson
1975	Robert Nozick	Anarchy, State and Utopia

Religion/Inspiration

1980 Hardcover	Elaine Pagels	The Gnostic Gospels
1980 Paperback	Sheldon Vanauken	A Severe Mercy

Contemporary Affairs

1972	Stewart Brand (ed.)	The Last Whole Earth Catalogue
1973	Frances FitzGerald
1974	Murray Kempton	The Briar Patch
1975	Theodore Rosengarten
1976	Michael J. Arlen	Passage to Ararat

Contemporary Thought

1977	Bruno Bettelheim
1978	Gloria Emerson	Winners & Losers
1979	Peter Matthiessen	The Snow Leopard

Current Interest

1980 Hardcover	Julia Child	Julia Child and More Company
1980 Paperback	Christopher Lasch	The Culture of Narcissism

General Reference Books

1980 Hardcover	Elder Witt (ed.)	The Complete Directory
1980 Paperback	Tim Brooks & Earle Marsh

Poetry

1950	William Carlos Williams
1951	Wallace Stevens	The Auroras of Autumn
1952	Marianne Moore	Collected Poems
1953	Archibald MacLeish	Collected Poems, 1917-1952
1954	Conrad Aiken	Collected Poems
1955	Wallace Stevens	The Collected Poems of Wallace Stevens
1956	W.H. Auden	The Shield of Achilles
1957	Richard Wilbur	Things of the World
1958	Robert Penn Warren
1959	Theodore Roethke	Words for the Wind
1960	Robert Lowell	Life Studies
1961	Randall Jarrell	The Woman at the Washington Zoo
1962	Alan Dugan	Poems
1963	William Stafford	Traveling Through the Dark
1964	John Crowe Ransom	Selected Poems
1965	Theodore Roethke	The Far Field
1966	James Dickey
1967	James Merrill	Nights and Days
1968	Robert Bly	The Light Around the Body
1969	John Berryman	His Toy, His Dream, His Rest
1970	Elizabeth Bishop	The Complete Poems
1971	Mona Van Duyn	To See, To Take
1972	Howard Moss	Selected Poems
1972	Frank O'Hara	The Collected Works of Frank O'Hara
1973	A. R. Ammons	Collected Poems, 1951-1971
1974	Allen Ginsberg
1974	Adrienne Rich
1975	Marilyn Hacker	Presentation Piece
1976	John Ashbery	Self-portrait in a Convex Mirror
1977	Richard Eberhart	Collected Poems, 1930-1976
1978	Howard Nemerov	The Collected Poems of Howard Nemerov
1979	James Merrill
1980	Philip Levine	Ashes
1981	Lisel Mueller	The Need to Hold Still
1982	William Bronk
1983	Galway Kinnell	Selected Poems
1983	Charles Wright
1991	Philip Levine	What Work Is
1992	Mary Oliver	New & Selected Poems
1993	A. R. Ammons	Garbage
1994	James Tate	A Worshipful Company of Fletchers
1995	Stanley Kunitz
1996	Hayden Carruth	Scrambled Eggs & Whiskey
1997	William Meredith
1998	Gerald Stern
1999	Ai
2000	Lucille Clifton
2001	Alan Dugan
2002	Ruth Stone	In the Next Galaxy
2003	C.K. Williams	The Singing
2004	Jean Valentine

Translation

1967	Gregory Rabassa	Julio Cortazar's Hopscotch Willard Trask -- Casanova's History of My Life
1968	Howard & Edna Hong	Soren Kierkegaard's Journals and Papers
1969	William Weaver	Calvino's Cosmicomics
1970	Ralph Manheim	Celine's Castle to Castle
1971	Frank Jones	Brecht's Saint Joan of the Stockyards
1971	Edward G. Seidensticker	Yasunari Kawabata's The Sound of The Mountain
1972	Austryn Wainhouse	Jacques Monod's Chance and Necessity
1973	Allen Mandelbaum	The Aeneid of Virgil
1974	Karen Brazell	The Confessions of Lady Nijo
1974	Helen R. Lane	Octavio Paz's Alternating Current
1974	Jackson Matthews	Paul Valery's Monsieur Teste
1975	Anthony Kerrigan	Miguel D. Unamuno's The Agony of Christianity and Essays on Faith
1977	Li-Li Ch'en	Master Tung's Western Chamber Romance
1978	Howard Nemerov	Uwe George's In the Deserts of This Earth
1979	Clayton Eshleman & Jose Rubin Barcia	Cesar Vallejo's The Complete Posthumous Poetry
1980	William Arrowsmith	Cesare Pavese's Hard Labor
1980	Jane Gary Harris & Constance Link	Osip E. Mandelstam's Complete Critical Prose and Letters
1981	Francis Steegmuller	The Letters of Gustave Flaubert
1981	John E. Woods	Arno Schmidt's Evening Edged in Gold
1982	Robert Lyons Danly	Higuchi Ichiyo's In the Shade of Spring Leaves
1982	Ian Hideo Levy
1983	Richard Howard	Charles Baudelaire's Les Fleurs du Mal

Children's Literature

1969	Meindert DeJong	Journey from Peppermint Street
1976	Walter D. Edmonds	Bert Breen's Barn
1977	Katherine Paterson	The Master Puppeteer
1978	Judith & Herbert Kohl	The View From the Oak
1979	Katherine Paterson	The Great Gilly Hopkins

Children's Books

1970	Isaac Bashevis Singer
1971	Lloyd Alexander	The Marvelous Misadventures of Sebastian
1972	Donald Barthelme	The Slightly Irregular Fire Engine or The Hithering Thithering Djinn
1973	Ursula K. LeGuin	The Farthest Shore
1974	Eleanor Cameron	The Court of the Stone Children
1975	Virginia Hamilton	M. C. Higgins the Great
1980 Hardcover	Joan W. Blos
1980 Paperback	Madeleine L'Engle	A Swiftly Tilting Planet

Children's Books, Fiction

1981 Hardcover	Betsy Byars	The Night Swimmers
1981 Paperback	Beverly Cleary	Ramona and Her Mother
1982 Hardcover	Lloyd Alexander	Westmark
1982 Paperback	Ouida Sebestyen	Words by Heart
1983 Hardcover	Jean Fritz
1983 Paperback	Paula Fox	A Place Apart
1983 Paperback	Joyce Carol Thomas	Marked by Fire

Children's Books, Non-fiction

1981 Hardcover	Alison Cragin Herzig & Jane Lawrence	Mali -- Oh, Boy! Babies
1982	Susan Bonners	A Penguin Year
1983	James Cross Giblin	Chimney Sweeps

Children's Books, Picture Books

1982 Hardcover	Maurice Sendak	Outside Over There
1982 Paperback	Peter Spier	Noah's Ark
1983 Hardcover	Barbara Cooney	Miss Rumphius
1983 Hardcover	William Steig	Doctor De Soto
1983 Paperback	Mary Ann Hoberman & Betty Fraser (ill.)]]	A House is a House for Me

Young People's Literature

1996	Victor Martinez
1997	Han Nolan	Dancing on the Edge
1998	Louis Sachar	Holes
1999	Kimberly Willis Holt	When Zachary Beaver Came to Town
2000	Gloria Whelan	Homeless Bird
2001	Virginia Euwer Wolff	True Believer
2002	Nancy Farmer	The House of the Scorpion
2003	Polly Horvath	The Canning Season
2004	Pete Hautman	Godless

Nota Bene

1964's Arts and Letters, History and Biography & Science, Philosophy and Religion categories had the addendum (Nonfiction).

Children's Books, Fiction was called Children's Book, Fiction in 1981 and Children's Fiction in 1983.

Children's Books, Non-fiction was called Children's Book, Nonfiction in 1981.

Children's Books, Picture Books was called Children's Books, Picture Books in 1983.

External link

National Book Award website (http://www.nationalbook.org/nba.html)

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