November 7 - Definition and Overview

November 7 is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 54 days remaining.

Events

• 1665 - The London Gazette, the oldest surviving journal, is first published.
• 1783 - A man convicted of forgery is the last to be publicly hanged at London's Tyburn site.
• 1837 - In Alton, Illinois, abolitionist printer Elijah P. Lovejoy is shot to death by a mob while he was attempting to protect his printing shop from being destroyed a third time.
• 1848 - U.S. presidential election, 1848: Zachary Taylor is elected president in the first US presidential election held in every state on the same day.
• 1861 - American Civil War: Battle of Belmont - In Belmont, Missouri, Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant overrun a Confederate camp but are forced to retreat when Confederate reinforcements arrive.
• 1874 - A cartoon by Thomas Nast in Harper's Weekly, is considered the first important use of an elephant as a symbol for the United States Republican Party
• 1885 - In Craigellachie, British Columbia, construction ends on the Canadian Pacific Railway railway extending across Canada.
• 1893 - Colorado women are granted the right to vote.
• 1912 - The Deutsche Opernhaus (now Deutsche Oper Berlin) opened in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg with a production of Beethoven's Fidelio.
• 1914 - The first issue of The New Republic magazine is published.
• 1916 - Jeannette Rankin of Montana becomes the first woman elected to the United States House of Representatives.
• 1917 - Russian Revolution begins: In Russia, Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin, with the assistance of Bolshevik military leader and philosopher Leon Trotsky, leads his revolutionaries in a nearly bloodless coup d'état against the Provisional Government (Russia was still using the Julian Calendar at the time, so period references show a October 25 date).
• 1917 - World War I: Third Battle of Gaza ends - United Kingdom forces capture Gaza from the Ottoman Empire.
• 1918 - The 1918 influenza epidemic spreads to Western Samoa, killing 7542 (about twenty percent of the population) by the end of the year.
• 1929 - In New York City, the Museum of Modern Art opens to the public.
• 1932 - Buck Rogers in the 25th Century airs on radio for the first time.
• 1940 - In Washington, the middle section of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapses in a windstorm, a mere four months after the bridge's completion.
• 1944 - U.S. presidential election, 1944: Franklin D. Roosevelt wins reelection over Republican challenger Thomas E. Dewey to become the only U.S. president to be elected to a fourth term.
• 1956 - Suez Crisis: The United Nations General Assembly adopts a resolution calling for the United Kingdom, France and Israel to withdraw their troops from Egypt immediately.
• 1957 - Cold War: In the United States, the Gaither Report calls for more American missiles and fallout shelters.
• 1962 - Richard M. Nixon loses the California governor's race. In his concession speech, he states that this is his "last press conference" and that "you won't have Dick Nixon to kick around any more".
• 1963 - The comedy It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World premieres.
• 1963 - Wunder von Lengede: In Germany, 11 miners are rescued from a collapsed mine after 14 days.
• 1965 - The Velvet Underground make their public debut at a high school dance in Summit, New Jersey.
• 1965 - The Pillsbury Doughboy makes its first public appearance.
• 1967 - US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967, establishing the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.
• 1972 - U.S. presidential election, 1972: Republican incumbent Richard Nixon defeats Democratic Senator George McGovern.
• 1973 - The U.S. Congress overrides President Richard M. Nixon's veto of the War Powers Resolution, which limits presidential power to wage war without congressional approval.
• 1983 - A bomb explodes inside the US Capitol building; there are no deaths or injuries.
• 1987 - In Tunisia, president Habib Bourguiba is overthrown and replaced by Prime Minister Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.
• 1988 - Boxing: In Las Vegas, Nevada, boxer Sugar Ray Leonard knocks out Donnie LaLonde.
• 1989 - Douglas Wilder wins the governor's seat in Virginia, becoming the first elected African American governor in the United States.
• 1989 - David Dinkins becomes the first African American mayor of New York City.
• 1989 - In California, convicted murder Richard Ramirez (the "Night Stalker") is sentenced to death.
• 1991 - Basketball player Magic Johnson announces he tested positive for the virus that causes AIDS, and that he was retiring.
• 1996 - NASA launches the Mars Global Surveyor.
• 1996 - A Nigerian Boeing 727 crashes into a lagoon 40 miles southeast of Lagos, Nigeria killing 143/
• 2000 - U.S. presidential election, 2000: Republican Texas Governor George W. Bush defeats Democrat Vice President Al Gore, but the final outcome is not known for over a month because of disputed votes in Florida.
• 2000 - Hillary Rodham Clinton is elected to the United States Senate, becoming the first First Lady of the United States to win public office.
• 2001 - The super-sonic commercial aircraft Concorde resumes flying after a 15-month break.
• 2002 - Iran bans advertising of United States products.
• 2004 - War in Iraq: The interim government of Iraq calls for a 60-day "state of emergency" as U.S. forces storm the insurgent stronghold of Fallujah.
• 2004 - Aurora Borealis seen in the northern sky as far south as Arizona and North Carolina following a corornal mass ejection. They were seen again on the night of November 9- 10.

Births

• 1750 - Friedrich Leopold Graf zu Stolberg, German poet (d. 1819)
• 1832 - Andrew Dickson White, co-founder and first president of Cornell University (d. 1918)
• 1867 - Marie Curie, chemist, physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in physics 1903 and in chemistry 1911 (d. 1934)
• 1875 - Mikhail Kalinin, Soviet politician (d. 1946)
• 1878 - Lise Meitner, physicist
• 1879 - Leon Trotsky, Russian revolutionary (d. 1940)
• 1886 - Aron Nimzowitsch, chess grandmaster and popularizer of hypermodernism in chess (d. 1935)
• 1888 - Sir C. V. Raman, Indian Physicist. Recipient of the 1930 Nobel Prize for Physics for his discovery of the "Raman" effect (d. 1970)
• 1897 - Herman J. Mankiewicz, writer, director, producer (d. 1953)
• 1903 - Konrad Lorenz, zoologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1973 (d. 1989)
• 1903 - Dean Jagger, actor (d. 1991)
• 1905 - William Alwyn, English composer (d. 1985
• 1913 - Albert Camus, French writer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in literature 1957 (d. 1960)
• 1914 - Archie Campbell, comedian (d. 1987)
• 1918 - Billy Graham, evangelist
• 1922 - Al Hirt, musician (d. 1999)
• 1926 - Dame Joan Sutherland, opera singer
• 1937 - Mary Travers, singer (Peter, Paul and Mary)
• 1942 - Johnny Rivers, singer, composer
• 1943 - Joni Mitchell, musician
• 1955 - Detlef Ultsch, first German judo world champion
• 1956 - Fabio Domingos Pannoni, Brazilian scientist
• 1957 - Christopher Knight, actor, The Brady Bunch
• 1964 - Dana Plato, actress (d. 1999)
• 1965 - Sigrun Wodars, East German athlete
• 1969 - Hélène Grimaud, French pianist
• 1976 - Mark Philippoussis, Australian tennis player
• 1976 - Rio Ferdinand, Man United Player
• 1979 - Jon Peter Lewis, singer

Deaths

• 1633 - Cornelius Jacobszoon Drebbel, Dutch inventor (b. 1572)
• 1837 - Elijah P. Lovejoy, American abolitionist (b. 1809)
• 1913 - Alfred Russel Wallace, British naturalist and biologist
• 1943 - Dwight Frye, actor
• 1959 - Victor McLaglen, actor
• 1962 - Eleanor Roosevelt, human rights activist, First Lady of the United States
• 1967 - John Nance Garner, US Representative and Vice President
• 1974 - Eric Linklater, author
• 1980 - Steve McQueen, actor
• 1983 - Germaine Tailleferre, French composer
• 1992 - Alexander Dubček, Slovak politician
• 2002 - Rudolf Augstein, publisher (Der Spiegel)

Holidays and observances

• The Day of Accord and Reconciliation in Russia (formerly The Anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution)

November 6 - November 8 - October 7 - December 7 -- listing of all days