Nucleotide Nucleotide

Nucleotide - Definition and Overview

Nucleotide codes
CodeEquivalenceComplement
AAT or U
CCG
GGC
T or UTA
MA or CK
RA or GY
WA or TW
SC or GS
YC or TR
KG or TM
VA or C or GB
HA or C or TD
DA or G or TH
BC or G or TV
X or NA or C or G or TX

A nucleotide is an organic molecule consisting of a heterocyclic nucleobase (a purine or a pyrimidine), a pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA), and a phosphate or polyphosphate group. (A nucleoside is similar, except that it contains only the sugar and base, without a phosphate.)

Nucleotide names are abbreviated into standard four-letter codes. The first letter is lower case and indicates whether the nucleotide in question is a ribonucleotide (r) or deoxyribonucleotide (d). The second letter indicates the nitrogenous base included (G,A,T,C,U). The third and fourth letters indicate the number of attached phosphates (Mono-, Di-, Tri-) and the presence of a phosphate (P). For example, deoxy-cytosine-triphosphate is abbreviated as dCTP.

Nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids and also play important roles in cellular energy transport and transformations (notably ATP and NAD+/NADH) and in enzyme regulation (see for example, protein kinase).

See also

Example Usage of Nucleotide

mikechelen: RT @gwardis: Here Kitty, kitty, kitty.Feline Genome Project to make database of feline single Nucleotide polymorphisms study disease htt ...
gwardis: Here Kitty, kitty, kitty.Feline Genome Project to make database of feline single Nucleotide polymorphisms study disease http://bit.ly/8GxHu7
research_papers: Cyclic Nucleotide signaling in polycystic kidney disease.: - http://tinyurl.com/y9n6pnl
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