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Nucleotide - Definition and Overview |
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Nucleotide codes
| Code | Equivalence | Complement
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| A | A | T or U
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| C | C | G
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| G | G | C
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| T or U | T | A
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| M | A or C | K
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| R | A or G | Y
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| W | A or T | W
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| S | C or G | S
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| Y | C or T | R
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| K | G or T | M
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| V | A or C or G | B
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| H | A or C or T | D
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| D | A or G or T | H
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| B | C or G or T | V
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| X or N | A or C or G or T | X
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A nucleotide is an organic molecule consisting of a heterocyclic nucleobase (a purine or a pyrimidine), a pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA), and a phosphate or polyphosphate group. (A nucleoside is similar, except that it contains only the sugar and base, without a phosphate.)
Nucleotide names are abbreviated into standard four-letter codes. The first letter is lower case and indicates whether the nucleotide in question is a ribonucleotide (r) or deoxyribonucleotide (d). The second letter indicates the nitrogenous base included (G,A,T,C,U). The third and fourth letters indicate the number of attached phosphates (Mono-, Di-, Tri-) and the presence of a phosphate (P). For example, deoxy-cytosine-triphosphate is abbreviated as dCTP.
Nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids and also play important roles in cellular energy transport and transformations (notably ATP and NAD+/NADH) and in enzyme regulation (see for example, protein kinase).
See also
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Example Usage of Nucleotide |
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mikechelen: RT @gwardis: Here Kitty, kitty, kitty.Feline Genome Project to make database of feline single Nucleotide polymorphisms study disease htt ... |
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gwardis: Here Kitty, kitty, kitty.Feline Genome Project to make database of feline single Nucleotide polymorphisms study disease http://bit.ly/8GxHu7 |
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research_papers: Cyclic Nucleotide signaling in polycystic kidney disease.: - http://tinyurl.com/y9n6pnl |
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