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In the Cosmic Era of Gundam Seed and Gundam Seed Destiny, the nation-states of modern Earth are replaced with a number of national superblocs.
Terrestrial Nations
Atlantic Federation
The Atlantic Federation is the largest and most powerful member of the Earth Alliance. Although allied against ZAFT, the Atlantic and Eurasian Federations have long been rivals, and a strong undercurrent of mistrust remains between them. The Atlantic Federation is a future version of the United States of America, its capital is Washington DC and its president still lives and works at the White House.
The Atlantic Federation provides the largest segment of the Earth Alliance's military, and pioneered the efforts to develop advanced mobile suits to counter those of ZAFT. The Atlantic Federation also has broader and deeper anti-Coordinator sentiment than the rest of the Alliance, and has been more thoroughly infiltrated by Blue Cosmos. While the Atlantic Federation solidified its position as the dominant force in the Earth Alliance with its large mobile suit force, the heavy losses it suffered in the final months of the war could provide the Eurasian Federation the opportunity it's been waiting for the supersede them as the leaders of the Alliance.
The Atlantic Federation attacked and annexed the United States of South America in the pretense of fighting ZAFT during CE 70.
Eurasian Federation
The Eurasian Federation is a member of the Earth Alliance, second only to the Atlantic Federation in power and influence. Although allied against ZAFT, the Eurasian and Atlantic Federations have long been rivals, and a strong undercurrent of mistrust remains between them.
The Eurasian Federation resents its inferior position to the Atlantic Federation, which has been exacerbated by the Atlantic Federation's successful development of mobile suits. Eventually, the Eurasian Federation produces newer, even more advance mobile suits of its own. And with the heavy losses the Atlantic Federation suffered in the last months of the war, the Eurasian Federation's influence in the Earth Alliance seems poised to grow.
During the colony drop of Junius Seven, the Eurasian Federation suffered heavily, with severe damage to many historical cities including Rome, London and Athens. Rome and Athens were especially hard hit; the Basilica of St. Peter and the Acropolis were both destroyed by debris hits.
At the beginning of the subsequent second EA-PLANT war, the Eurasian Federation sought to withdraw from the Earth Alliance, which resulted in Atlantic Federation forces being deployed against the technologically superior but drastically outnumbered forces of Eurasia.
Kingdom of Scandinavia
The largest independent and neutral nation, Scandinavia composes the old Earth nations of Sweden, Norway and Finland (but not Denmark, which is traditionally considered a Scandinavian nation).
Equatorial Union
A union of weak Equatorial nations in South Asia, led by India and Viet Nam. The Equatorial Union is largely neutral because its military is not worth incorporating into the Earth Alliance, with no space forces and no mobile weapons.
=African Community
A loosely-affiliated group of nations and tribes. The African Community is one of only two nations on Earth openly allied with PLANT, though there are resistance movements, including Desert Dawn.
South African Union
Although a member of the Earth Alliance, the SAU is virtually powerless other than its possession of the Victoria massdriver. The SAU is a puppet of the Atlantic Federation.
Orb Union
The Orb Union (also known as the United Emirate of Orb) is a small Pacific island nation which is neutral in the war between the Earth Alliance and ZAFT. Orb's government consists of both an elected legislature and an aristocracy of five noble families (most notably the Athha and Sahaku families), and has a mixed population of both Naturals and Coordinators. Though small, Orb is both wealthy and militarily powerful, and the local Morgenroete, Inc. is one of the world's top producers of advanced weaponry. Orb also has, unusually for its small size, a considerable presence in space, including the space colony Heliopolis and at least two powerful Izumo class battleships. At the start of Bloody Valentine War, the chief representative of Orb's government was Uzumi Nara Athha, who declared the nation's neutrality in the conflict.
Unfortunately, the Earth Alliance did not respect that neutrality, and conquered Orb in CE 71, resulting in the death of Representative Athha. Orb's remaining forces, including the Izumo class battleship Kusanagi and the defecting Earth Alliance assault ship Archangel, escaped to space under the command of his daughter Cagalli Yula Athha, and joined forces with the stolen ZAFT warship Eternal to form what would become known as the Tri Ships Alliance, and would play a critical role in the end of the war.
In the second Earth-PLANT war, the Seylan noble family manages to usurp the Parliament and violate Orb's neutrality with predictions of a repeat of the Atlantic Federation attack on the Union. However, some Orb soldiers remain loyal to the Athha family.
Oceania Union
A nation composed primarily of Australia and New Zealand. The Oceania Union is allied with ZAFT, and one of ZAFT's two primary military bases on Earth, Carpentaria, is there (the other is at Gibraltar).
Space Nations
L5
PLANT/ZAFT
Zaft.png
Zodiac Alliance of Freedom Treaty
ZAFT is a political, economic, and military alliance of PLANTs, colonies which house Coordinators. Specifically, ZAFT (for Zodiac Alliance of Freedom Treaty) usually refers to the military side of ZAFT. ZAFT is well-equipped with Nazca-class and Laurasia-class warships in space, Lesseps-class land battleships and Vosgulov-class mobile suit carrier submarines. Its primary mobile suit for most of the war is the ZGMF-1017 GINN, which is not replaced until the final few weeks of the war with the ZGMF-600 GuAIZ (pronounced "Gates").
Postwar, ZAFT's chaotic mix of mobile suits are replaced with the new ZGMF-1000 ZAKU Warrior and ZGMF-1001 ZAKU Phantom series.
ZAFT fights the Earth Alliance to a standstill in the Bloody Valentine War of Cosmic Era 70-71. During the late weeks of the war, ZAFT's "moderate faction" of leaders is wiped out in a bloody purge by military leader Patrick Zala, who blames all Naturals for the death of his wife in the Bloody Valentine Incident. Zala plans to wipe out all human life on Earth, eliminating, he believes, Naturals who are the cause of all warfare.
ZAFT's military is organized as a militia rather than the Earth Alliance's OMNI Enforcer military force, using positional titles as ranks rather than more traditional ones. In addition, command is assigned based on personal connections as skill - it is made clear at several points that a large part of why Athrun Zala is given command of the Le Creuset team on Earth is because of his father's position.
A ZAFT soldier's position can be told by his or her color coded uniform:
Green: Common Soldier/MS pilot
Olive: Terrestrial soldier
Red: Elite soldier/ Elite MS pilot
Black: Junior Officer
White: Command-level officer
Purple: General/Member of the PLANT Supreme Council
Following the Junius Seven colony drop disaster, the Earth Alliance demands that ZAFT demilitarize and its government disperse; the obvious refusal results in the second war between ZAFT and Earth in four years.
ZAFT has consistently proven itself to be on the cutting edge of nuclear technology, producing the Neutron Jammer, the Neutron Jammer Canceller, and the Neutron Stampeder. In addition, they developed the Deuterion Beam Energy Transfer System, which allows a battleship to recharge its mobile suits' batteries without them having to return to the ship.
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