Every sultan of the Ottoman Empire had his own monogram, called the tughra, which served as a Coat of Arms. A modern Coat of Arms, inspired by European ones such as the British Coat of Arms was created in the 19th century. The final shape was adopted by Sultan Abdul Hamid II on April 17, 1882. It includes two flags: the flag of the Osmanli Dynasty which has a crescent and a star on red base and the flag of Islamic Caliph which has 3 crescents on a green base.

External Link

• The Ottoman Coat of Arms (http://www.byegm.gov.tr/yayinlarimiz/NEWSPOT/1999/mar/N2.htm)