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Oz is a multi-paradigm programming language.
Oz was originally developed in the Programming Systems Lab at Saarland University by Gert Smolka and his students in the early 1990s.
Since then, Oz has been continually developed by an international group,
the Mozart Consortium,
that originally consisted of
Saarland University,
the Swedish Institute of Computer Science,
and the Université catholique de Louvain.
Oz contains in a simple and well-factored way most of the concepts of the major programming paradigms,
including logic,
functional
(both lazy and eager),
imperative,
object-oriented,
and concurrent programming.
Oz has both a simple formal semantics (see chapter 13 of the book mentioned below) and an
efficient implementation, the Mozart Programming System (see below).
Oz is a concurrency-oriented language, as the term was introduced by Joe Armstrong,
the main designer of the Erlang language.
A concurrency-oriented language makes concurrency both easy to use and efficient.
In addition to multi-paradigm programming,
the major strengths of Oz are in constraint programming and distributed programming.
Because of its factored design, Oz is able to successfully implement a network-transparent
distributed programming model.
This model makes it easy to program open, fault-tolerant applications within the language.
For constraint programming, Oz introduces the idea of computation spaces,
which allows user-defined search and distribution strategies that are orthogonal to the constraint domain.
Oz has a high-quality implementation, the Mozart Programming System, which is released with an Open Source license by the Mozart Consortium.
Mozart has been ported to different flavors of Unix, Linux, Windows, and Mac OS X.
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