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Paruresis, also known as shy kidney or shy bladder syndrome, is a type of social anxiety disorder in which the sufferer is unable to urinate in the (real or imaginary) presence of others, such as in a public restroom.
It differs from simple embarrassment or desire for privacy in that it is much more severe and may cause the sufferer unnecessary inconvenience.
The condition does not appear to be officially recognised by the UK's NHS or government. It has, however, from time to time been the topic of U.S. advice columns such as Ann Landers', to which sufferers have written in and been counseled on their problem.
Severe cases of this disorder can have highly restricting effects on a person's life. Severe sufferers may not be willing to travel far from their home. Others cannot urinate even in their own home if someone else can be heard to be there.
Various strategies to cope with paruresis include:
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