A philosopher is a person devoted to studying and producing results in philosophy. The word, "philosopher," literally means "lover of wisdom."
Popular Western philosophers in (approximate) historical order
Not listed above: (some of) The Presocratics -- Epicurus place after Aristotle --Hellenistic Philosophers -- Cicero -- Avicenna -- Sir Thomas Browne -- Francis Bacon -- Thomas Reid -- Dugald Stewart -- James Mill -- Rudolf Steiner -- Albert Schweitzer -- G. E. Moore -- Albert Camus -- Georg Henrik von Wright -- Mortimer Adler -- Nelson Goodman -- Imre Lakatos -- Ayn Rand -- Paul Feyerabend -- Mario Bunge -- Douglas Hofstadter -- Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
Eastern philosophers in approximate historical order:
Gautama Buddha -- Confucius -- Lao Zi -- Rhazes -- Mencius -- Zhuang Zi -- Xun Zi -- Nagarjuna -- Bodhidharma -- Shankara -- Dogen -- Zhu Xi -- Feng Youlan -- Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
Philosophers: listed by philosophical school
See Philosophical Movements.
Nicknames of Medieval Philosophers
Several medieval philosophers have been given Latin nicknames -- some by their contemporaries, others by historians. For example:
- Francis Mayron - Doctor acutus, the acute doctor, or Doctor illuminatus
- St. Thomas Aquinas - Doctor Angelicus, the angelic doctor, or Doctor Communis
- William of Ockham - Doctor Invincibilis
- Alexander of Hales - Doctor Irrefragibilis
- Roger Bacon - Doctor Mirabilis, the wonderful doctor
- John Bassol - Doctor Ordinatissimus, the most methodical doctor
- St. Bonaventure - Doctor Seraphicus
- Henry Goethals (Hendricus Bonicollius) - Doctor Solemnis, the solemn doctor
- Richard Middleton - the solid doctor, or the profound doctor
- Duns Scotus - Doctor Subtilis, the discriminating doctor, or Doctor Marianus
- Albertus Magnus - Doctor Universalis
- Durandus de Sancto Portiano - the most resolute doctor
- Thomas Bradwardine - the profound doctor
- Jean Ruysbroeck (Joannes Ruysbrokius) - the divine doctor
See Also the articles at: Philosophy, Eastern philosophy, Epistemology, Ethics, Metaphysics, Aesthetics, Ontology, Logic, Reason, Mathematicians, Scientists, List of philosophers, and a fuller listing at Category:Philosophers.
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The Philosopher is also the nickname of Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 22.
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