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GeographyPirna is located in the Elba mountains in the Elba valley. The nearby rivers are the Wesenitz river to the north and Gottleuba river to the south, of which flows into the Elbe. Pirna is also the gate to the Sächsische Schweiz. In August of 2002, the city has a enormous flood. see also: (in German) general map (http://www.viamichelin.com/viamichelin/deu/dyn/controller/mapPerformPage?strLocation=Pirna&strCountry=000000240) and City map of Pirna (http://www.pirna.de/downloads/karte_pirna.jpg) HistoryBefore the foundingFlint from the late palaeolithic (about 12,000-8,000 BC) to the end of the late-ice age, incidated the earliest human settlement. By climatical situation and Loessboeden , lived during the neolithic times (5,500-4,000 BC). Farming and cattling came along with Landbandkeramik and their following cultures. After 0 BC, the Germanic tribes from the Elbe Valley, arrived in the 4th century BC are resident, around 600 A.D. a Slavic group called the Sorbs set as Fischer and Bauern this area. The name Pirna derives from the Sorbian language, na pernem, meaning Hard stone. Its coat of arms the reflects of the name of the birnbaum. Pirna in the Middle AgesWith the conquest of the Slavic communities and the establishment of the Marks by the Germans (in 929 by Henry the Fowler of the castle Meissen), settled provably in the Pirna area. In the 11th century, it was first mentioned existing (and mentioned in 1269). In around 1200, a castle was built in the context of the second Eastern German colonization for the establishment of the city (under Markgraf Heinrich of Erlauchten von Meissen). The rectangular market are aligned and ran from east to west and north to south with lanes like a chessboard. In 1233, Pirna was mentioned for the first time in documentary. In 1405, Pirna became part of Bohemia. In 1325 confirms king John of Luxembourg|John of Bohemia confirmed the rights of the city. Pirna developed to an important address in the area where Bohemia was bordered. In 1351, King Charles of Bohemia went to Pirna, at which around the conciliation of a dispute between Mark Brandenburg. 50 years later the Pirnas returned to the Marks Meißen, prince Frederick II of Saxony got the possession of the city with the Contract of Eger. Thirty Years' WarOn April 23, 1639, the city was invaded by Swedish troops under the commander in chief of the Swedish army Johan Banér. While the futile five-month siege that terribly devastated and destroyed the fortress, about 600 were murdered (Pirnshes Elend, lit. Pirnsches misery). In around 1670, the Festung Sonnenstein was built after modern military realizations. Only the powerful stoneworks still exists today. In 1707, Pirna had debts that related with the Great Northern War with more than 100,000 Thalern. Prussian PirnaOn August 29, 1756, the small Saxonian army fled without the declaration of war and fell to Prussia on the parallelism between Festung Königstein and Schloss Sonnenstein and remained until October 16, two days after Schloss Sonnenstein surrendered. In 1758, Austrian troops and Reichsarmee sieged the forterss. Napoleonic PirnaManufactured plants opened in 1774 in Pirna. In 1811 in Sonnenstein, the physician Ernst Gottlob Pienitz opened a mental hospital. But on September 14, 1813, French troops occupied Sonnenstein and forced evacuation of 275 patients, seized supplies and cleared away the roof framings due to a threatening fire risk. In September of 1813, emperor Napoleon temporarily went into Marienhaus at the market. Dresden surrendered Pirna on November 11 and defend the Frenchmen at the fortress. Only in February, its hospital for mentally ill reopened. See also: Schloss Sonnenstein, Markgrafschaft Meißen, Kings of Saxony, History of Bohemia, History of Saxony, History of Germany The industrial revolution, the Kaiser period and the Weimar RepublicIn 1837, a kind of steam ship flowed the upper Elbe. A few years later, a railway line connecting Dresden and Pirna opened. It became an industrial city in 1862 with the building of factories. Mechanical engineering, glass, cellulose and celanese production also expanded. In 1875, the sand-stone Elbbruecke was completed. During the First World War Pirna became a garrison and the engineer battalions 12 and 5 was aligned at Rottwerndorfer Straße. The Royal Saxonian field artillery regiment No. 64. In 1922/23 the city incorporated several municipalities including Posta, Niedervogelgesang, Obervogelgesang, Copitz, Hinterjessen, Neundorf, Zuschendorf, Rottwerndorf and Zehista. The population was totaled 30,000 inhabitants. IncorporationsHere are the cities that were incorporated into Pirna.
DialectIts main dialect spoken in Pirna is of the Saxonian dialect group called : Südostmeißnische, which is one of the five Meißnischen group of dialects. City Partnership
With Baienfurt and Reutlingen, both in Baden-Württemberg Culture and sites of interestMuseums
Buildings
Music
Persons
External links(in German)
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