Propane Propane

Propane - Definition and Overview
Related Words: Benzine, Briquette, Butane, Carbon, Charcoal, Coal, Coke, Combustible, Dope, Ethane, Ethanol, Fireball, Firing, Flammable, Fuel, Gas, Gasoline, Heptane, Hexane, Inflammable, Isooctane
Properties

General

Name Propane

Lewis Structure: 

  H H H
  | | | 
H-C-C-C-H
  | | |
  H H H
Chemical formula CH3CH2CH3 or C3H8
Formula weight 44.10 g/mol
Synonyms Dimethylmethane, LPG, Propyl Hydride
CAS number 74-98-6
UN number 1978

Phase behavior

Melting point 85.5 K (−187.6 °C)
Boiling point 231.1 K (−42 °C)
Triple point 85 K (−188 °C)
169 µPa
Critical point 369.9 K (96.9 °C)
4.25 MPa
ΔsubH 28.5 kJ/mol
ΔfusH 3.52 kJ/mol
ΔfusS J/(mol·K)
ΔvapH 19.4 kJ/mol
Solubility 0.1 g/dm³

Liquid properties

ΔfH0liquid -120 kJ/mol
S0liquid 171 J/(mol·K)
Cp 98.3 J/(mol·K)
Density 582 kg/m3

Gas properties

ΔfH0gas −105 kJ/mol
S0gas ? J/(mol·K)
Cp 73.6 J/(mol·K)
Safety
Ingestion Nausea, vomiting, internal hemorrhage.
Inhalation Rapid breathing & heart rate. Headaches, mood disturbance, conufsion and seisures may occur. Danger of cardiac arrest in severe cases.
Skin (Frostbite on exposure to cryogenic liquid)
Flash point −104 °C
Autoignition temperature 450 °C
Explosive limits 2.1–9.5%

More info

Properties NIST WebBook (http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C74986&Units=SI)
MSDS Hazardous Chemical Database (http://ull.chemistry.uakron.edu/erd/chemicals1/7/6974.html)

SI units were used where possible. Unless otherwise stated, standard conditions were used.

Disclaimer and references

A three-carbon alkane, propane is sometimes derived from other petroleum products during oil or natural gas processing.

When commonly sold as fuel it is also known as liquified petroleum gas (LPG or LP gas) and is a mixture of propane with smaller amounts of propylene, butane and butylene, plus ethyl mercaptan as an odorant to allow the normally odorless propane to be smelled. It is used as fuel in cooking on many barbecues and portable stoves and in motor vehicles. Propane powers some buses, forklifts, and taxis and is used for heat and cooking in recreational vehicles and campers. In many rural areas of the US, propane is also used in furnaces, water heaters, laundry dryers, and other heat-producing appliances. Delivery trucks fill up large tanks that are permanently installed on the property (sometimes called pigs) or exchange bottles of propane.

Another use of propane is the application as propellant for aerosol sprays, especially after the ban of CFCs.

See also


 
Alkanes

methane
CH4

|
 

ethane
C2H6

|
 

propane
C3H8

|
 

butane
C4H10

|
 

pentane
C5H12

|
 

hexane
C6H14

heptane
C7H16

|
 

octane
C8H18

|
 

nonane
C9H20

|
 

decane
C10H22

|
 

undecane
C11H24

|
 

dodecane
C12H26

 

tridecane
C13H28

|
 

tetradecane
C14H30

|
 

pentadecane
C15H32

|
 

hexadecane
C16H34

|
 

heptadecane
C17H36

|
 

octadecane
C18H38

 

nonadecane
C19H40

|
 

eicosane
C20H42

|
 

heneicosane
C21H44

|
 

docosane
C22H46

|
 

tricosane
C23H48

|
 

tetracosane
C24H50

 

pentacosane
C25H52

|
 

hexacosane
C26H54

|
 

heptacosane
C27H56

|
 

octacosane
C28H58

|
 

nonacosane
C29H60

|
 

triacontane
C30H62

 

hentriacontane
C31H64

|
 

dotriacontane
C32H66

|
 

tritriacontane
C33H68

|
 

tetratriacontane
C34H70

|
 

pentatriacontane
C35H72

|
 

hexatriacontane
C36H74

 


Example Usage of Propane
Hybridpropane: Stop "discovering America". Bi-fuel-hybrid Propane conversion is available immediately. Drive Green - Save Green. Support the USA
superdan94: @dr_feelgood_ have you discussed the logistics of buying and selling Propane gas, and the theoretical environmental implications?
jgoverly: East TN fleet mgr's meeting coming up this Wed. Going to present on several opp.s they have with Propane, dedicated mowers to F-150s.
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