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Qadi "قاضى" is Arabic for "judge". In arab countries the Sharia is not the basis for the legal system, the term Qadi means the same as its' translation in English: judge. In arab countries that practice a hybrid legal system, such as Egypt, a Qadi rules in all civil and criminal matters. His disicion, when involving a severe penalty has to be approved by a Mufti, cretainly in capital punishment cases, to ensure that verdict is in complaince with the muslim law (Sharia). In countries where the Sharia is the law, it refers to a judge according to the Sharia.
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