Quadrature - Definition and Overview

Quadrature, derived from Latin quadrare, is a term with various meanings:

in astronomy, the line tangent to an object's orbit defines the object's quadrature. For a circular orbit, this line is 90°, or a quarter of a circle, away from the center of the orbit.
in geometry, quadrature of the circle or squaring the circle is the problem of constructing a square and circle of equal area, impossible using only an unmarked straightedge and compass
in mathematics, quadrature is a synonym for numerical integration
in telecommunications, quadrature refers to signals which are separated in phase by 90° (π/2 radians)

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