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This page refers to a Riding as a unit in local government. For the more usual meaning, see horse and related articles
In the British Isles and Canada, a riding is traditionally a sub-division of a county. The word is a corruption of the Old Norse þriðing (thridhing or thrithing) meaning a third part. The term was also used in 19th century Canada to refer to sub-divisions of counties - today, the word riding is a semi-official term for an electoral division.
British Isles
Traditionally, Yorkshire has three ridings, East, North, and West, which were themselves subdivided into wapentakes.
The ridings had separate county councils until 1974. A local government body called East Riding of Yorkshire was reestablished in 1996.
Lindsey, a subdivision of Lincolnshire, also possessed Ridings, in this case the North, West, and South ridings.
County Tipperary in the Republic of Ireland was divided in the 19th century into two (not three) ridings, Tipperary North Riding and Tipperary South Riding — the divisions remain but these have since been renamed simply 'North Tipperary' and 'South Tipperary'.
The term Farthing (four-thing) is analogous. Gloucestershire was once divided into Farthings, and in the fictional universe of Middle-earth, The Shire is divided into four Farthings.
Canada
In the semi-official jargon of Canadian politics, a riding is a constituency or electoral district. The term is derived from the English local government term, which was widely used in Canada in the 19th century. Most Canadian counties never had sufficient population to justify administrative sub-divisions. Nonetheless, it was common, especially in Ontario to divide counties with sufficient population to multiple electoral divisions, which thus became known as "ridings" in official documents. Soon after Confederation, the urban population grew (and more importantly, most city dwellers gained the franchise after property ownership was no longer required to gain the vote). Rural constituencies therefore became geographically larger through the 20th century and generally encompassed one or more counties each, and the word "riding" was then used to refer to any electoral division. The local association for a political party is known as a riding association. See: Electoral district (Canada)
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