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A road bicycle is a bicycle designed for use on roads, as opposed to rough terrain. Sometimes "road bicycle" is used as a synonym for "racing bicycle".
Types of road bicycle
Racing bicycles are designed for bicycle racing: they are fast, lightweight and aerodynamic.
Touring bicycles are designed for bicycle touring: they are robust, comfortable and capable of carrying heavy loads.
Utility bicycles are designed for commuting, shopping and running errands in towns and cities.
Hybrid bicycles are a compomise between mountain bicycles and road bicycles: they have a road frame and wheels but are usually geared low with a straight handle bar for a more upright riding position. In the American bicycle business they are known as "comfort bicycles".
Cruiser bicycles are designed for comfort over performance. Handlebars are straight or curved back, facilitating an upright riding position. Large, padded seats are the norm. Shock absorbers are common, both on the wheels and on the seat post. Cruisers typically have simple and minimal gearing.
Recumbent bicycles, which typically have the pedals forward and a seat with a full or half back, so that the rider assumes a seated or even reclined position while riding, are most often designed for on-road use. Some recumbent bicycles feature a partial or complete fairing to improve aerodynamics.
In contrast to road bicycles, mountain bicycles are rugged enough for off-road riding. However, given their popularity and low cost, these bicycles are often ridden on the road.
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