September 1 - Definition

September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years). There are 121 days remaining.

Events

• 5509 BC - The world was created, according to the Byzantine calendar.
• 327 - start of first indiction cycle
• 1644 - Battle of Tippermuir, Montrose defeats Elcho's Covenanters, reviving Royalist cause
• 1715 - King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years — longer than any major European monarch.
• 1772 - Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa founded in San Luis Obispo, California.
• 1804 - Juno, one of the largest main belt asteroids, was discovered by German astronomer Karl Ludwig Harding.
• 1807 - Former US Vice President Aaron Burr is acquitted of treason. He had been accused of plotting to annex parts of Louisiana and Mexico to become part of an independent republic.
• 1836 - Narcissa Whitman, one of the first white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives at Walla Walla, Washington.
• 1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Chantilly - Confederate General Robert E. Lee leads his forces in an attack on retreating Union troops in Chantilly, Virginia, driving them away.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Confederate General John Bell Hood evacuates Atlanta, Georgia after a four-month siege mounted by Union General William T. Sherman.
• 1875 - A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Irish anti-owner coal miners, the "Molly Maguires", to disband.
• 1894 - Great Hinckley Fire: A forest fire in Hinckley, Minnesota kills more than 400 people.
• 1897 - The Boston subway opens, becoming the first underground metro in North America.
• 1905 - Alberta and Saskatchewan join the Canadian confederation.
• 1914 - St. Petersburg, Russia changes its name to Petrograd.
• 1914 - The last Passenger Pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo.
• 1923 - An earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama killing about 100,000 people. See Great Kanto earthquake for details.
• 1928 - Ahmet Zogu declares Albania to be a monarchy and proclaims himself king.
• 1939 - World War II: Nazi Germany attacks Poland, beginning the war. (See Polish September Campaign.)
• 1951 - The United States, Australia and New Zealand all sign a mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS Treaty (for "Australia, New Zealand, United States").
• 1960 - Disgruntled railroad workers effectively halt operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad, marking the first shutdown in the history of the company.
• 1962 - Channel Television launches to 54,000 households in the Channel Islands.
• 1969 - A coup in Libya brings Col. Moammar Qaddafi to power, ousting King Idris I.
• 1970 - The last episode of the television sitcom I Dream of Jeannie airs on NBC. The show premiered on September 18, 1965.
• 1972 - In Reykjavík, Iceland, American Bobby Fischer beats Russian Boris Spassky and becomes the world chess champion.
• 1979 - The American Pioneer 11 becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn when it passes the planet at a distance of 21,000 km.
• 1983 - Cold War: Korean Air Flight KAL-007 shot down by a Soviet Union jet fighter when the commercial aircraft entered Soviet airspace. All 269 on board die.
• 1985 - A joint American-French expedition locates the wreck of the RMS Titanic.
• 1986 - The Soviet sea-liner Admiral Nakhimov collides with the bulk carrier Petr Vasev and sinks almost immediately, killing 448.
• 1991 - The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is released in North America.
• 1991 - Uzbekistan declares independence from the Soviet Union
• 1999 - A LAPA Boeing 737-200 crashes during takeoff from Jorge Newbury Airport in Buenos Aires, killing 74, including 10 on the ground.
• 2001 - In the largest media market change in North American television history, every single commercial television station in Vancouver, British Columbia switches network affiliations after a round of ownership changes in 2000.

Births

• 1653 - Johann Pachelbel, German composer (d. 1706)
• 1854 - Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer (d. 1921)
• 1875 - Edgar Rice Burroughs, American writer, creator of Tarzan (d. 1950)
• 1887 - Blaise Cendrars, Swiss writer (d. 1961)
• 1888 - Andrija Štampar, Croatian physician, WHO diplomat (d. 1958)
• 1889 - Richard Arlen, US actor (d. 1976)
• 1905 - Elvera Sanchez, Puerto Rican dancer
• 1906 - Joaquin Balaguer, Dominican politician and president
• 1907 - Walter Reuther, American labor union leader (d. 1970)
• 1913 - Christian Nyby, American director, film editor (d. 1993)
• 1920 - Richard Farnsworth, American actor (d. 2000)
• 1921 - Willem Frederik Hermans, Dutch writer (d. 1995)
• 1922 - Yvonne De Carlo, Canadian actress
• 1922 - Vittorio Gassman, Italian actor (d. 2000)
• 1923 - Rocky Marciano, American boxer (d. 1969)
• 1928 - George Maharis, actor
• 1933 - Ann W. Richards, Texas politician
• 1933 - Conway Twitty, American country music singer (d. 1993)
• 1935 - Seiji Ozawa, Japanese conductor
• 1939 - Lily Tomlin, American actress, comedienne
• 1944 - Leonard Slatkin - American conductor
• 1946 - Barry Gibb, Manx-Australian singer
• 1947 - Al Green, American politician
• 1949 - P.A. Sangma, Indian politician
• 1951 - Nicu Ceausescu, Romanian politician; son of Nicolae Ceausescu.
• 1952 - Phil Hendrie, radio personality
• 1955 - Billy Blanks, American martial arts expert
• 1955 - Bruce Foxton, English bassist with The Jam
• 1957 - Gloria Estefan, Cuban singer
• 1962 - Ruud Gullit, Dutch football player
• 1966 - Tim Hardaway, American basketball player
• 1970 - Vanna, Croatian singer
• 1977 - Aaron Schobel, American football player
• 1981 - Clinton Portis, American football player
• 1985 - Ciara-Camile Roque Velasco, American singer

Deaths

• 921 - Richard of Autun, Duke of Burgundy
• 1159 - Pope Adrian IV
• 1574 - Guru Amar Das, third Sikh Guru (b. 1479)
• 1581 - Guru Ram Das, fourth Sikh Guru (b. 1534)
• 1715 - Louis XIV, King of France (b. 1638)
• 1914 - Martha, last passenger pigeon
• 1957 - Dennis Brain, English French horn player (b. 1921)
• 1967 - Ilse Koch, wife of Karl Koch, commandant of the concentration camp Buchenwald (b. 1906)
• 1967 - Siegfried Sassoon, English poet and author
• 1969 - Drew Pearson, American newspaper columnist (b. 1897)
• 1970 - Francois Mauriac, French author (b. 1885)
• 1977 - Ethel Waters, American singer, actress (b. 1896)
• 1981 - Albert Speer, Nazi official (b. 1905)
• 1983 - Henry M. Jackson, Senator from Washington (b. 1912)
• 1989 - A. Bartlett Giamatti, American baseball commissioner (b. [[1938[[)
• 2003 - Sir Terry Frost, British artist (b. 1915)

Holidays

• In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the new liturgical year begins on September 1.

August 31 - September 2 - August 1 - October 1 - more historical anniversaries